This study aims to investigate whether the dynamic pain assessment and management system can alleviate postoperative pain in patients with incarcerated mixed hemorrhoids and reduce the incidence of complications. A total of 64 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups, with the specific grouping and intervention methods as follows:

① Control Group: Routine drug analgesia and conventional nursing education were adopted.

② Study Group: Patients were managed with the dynamic pain assessment and management system, which included preoperative administration of analgesic drugs, postoperative traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) fumigation, wrist-ankle acupuncture for pain relief, and personalized nursing education.

The study evaluated the effect of the dynamic pain assessment and management system on postoperative analgesia by comparing the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores for pain, recording the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores for quality of life, and analyzing the incidence of complications among patients in different groups. The primary hypothesis of the study is that, compared with routine pain management methods, the dynamic pain assessment and management system can significantly reduce postoperative pain in patients, improve their quality of life, and decrease the incidence of complications (such as bleeding and urinary retention).

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged between 18 and 75 years old
• Diagnosed with grade III-IV incarcerated mixed hemorrhoids according to the Goligher classification
• Undergoing standard hemorrhoidectomy
• Receiving simple intraspinal anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant or lactating patients
• Patients receiving immunotherapy or with coagulation dysfunction
• Patients who need to use various analgesic drugs daily
• Complicated with other anorectal diseases (such as perianal abscess, anal fistula, anal incontinence)
• Complicated with other systemic diseases (cardiac insufficiency; hepatic or renal insufficiency; diabetes mellitus; coagulation disorders; peptic ulcer, etc.)
• Incomplete perioperative clinical data
• Unable to cooperate with follow-up

Based on a strict commitment to participant privacy protection, compliance with the terms of the ethical review protocol, and adherence to the sponsoring institution's policies, IPD from this study will not be shared at this time.