This trial is a registrational phase III, randomized, open-label, multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BL-M07D1 in patients with first-line treatment of HER2-mutant advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Voluntarily sign the informed consent form and comply with the protocol requirements;
2. Age at the time of signing the informed consent form is ≥18 years and ≤75 years, regardless of gender;
3. Expected survival time ≥12 weeks;
4. Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer;
5. HER2 functional mutation confirmed by a central laboratory;
6. Provide the most recent tumor tissue meeting the requirements for biomarker testing by the central laboratory;
7. Must have at least one measurable target lesion as defined by RECIST v1.1;
8. ECOG performance status score of 0 or 1;
9. Toxicity from previous anti-tumor treatments has recovered to ≤ Grade 1 as defined by NCI-CTCAE v5.0;
10. Organ function levels must meet the requirements;
11. For premenopausal women with childbearing potential, a pregnancy test must be conducted within 7 days prior to the start of treatment, and the serum pregnancy test must be negative. They must not be breastfeeding. All enrolled patients (regardless of gender) should take adequate and highly effective contraceptive measures throughout the treatment period and for 7 months after the end of treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Having undergone surgical treatment, radical radiotherapy, immunotherapy, etc., within 4 weeks prior to the first dose or within 5 half-lives;
2. Pathological findings indicating non-small cell carcinoma containing small cell carcinoma components and sarcomatoid carcinoma;
3. Concurrent presence of other driver gene mutations for which targeted drug therapy is available and approved for NSCLC indications;
4. Previous treatment with HER2-targeted therapy or ADC drugs with camptothecin derivatives as the toxin;
5. History of severe cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases within the past 6 months prior to screening;
6. Concurrent pulmonary diseases leading to severe impairment of lung function;
7. History of ILD/interstitial pneumonia requiring steroid treatment or current diagnosis of ILD/interstitial pneumonia;
8. Prolonged QT interval, complete left bundle branch block, third-degree atrioventricular block, frequent and uncontrollable arrhythmias;
9. Diagnosis of other primary malignancies within 5 years prior to the first dose;
10. Newly developed deep vein thrombosis within 14 days prior to screening;
11. Hypertension poorly controlled by antihypertensive medications;
12. Patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastases, carcinomatous meningitis (leptomeningeal metastases), and/or spinal cord compression;
13. Patients with a history of severe allergies to any excipients or components of the investigational drug;
14. History of autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation or organ transplantation;
15. Positive human immunodeficiency virus antibody, active hepatitis B virus infection, liver cirrhosis, or hepatitis C virus infection;
16. Occurrence of severe infections within 4 weeks prior to the first use of the investigational drug;
17. Patients with significant serous cavity effusion, symptomatic serous cavity effusion, or poorly controlled serous cavity effusion;
18. Systemic corticosteroid treatment with >10 mg/d prednisone or equivalent prior to randomization;
19. Presence of severe neurological or psychiatric disorders;
20. Subjects with clinically significant bleeding or obvious bleeding tendencies within 4 weeks prior to signing informed consent;
21. Conditions such as intestinal obstruction, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or chronic diarrhea;
22. Subjects planning to receive or having received live vaccines within 28 days prior to the first dose;
23. Presence of other severe physical or laboratory abnormalities, poor compliance, or any other factors that may increase the risk of participation in the study, interfere with study results, or make the patient unsuitable for participation in the study as determined by the investigator.