This retrospective cohort study aims to identify risk factors for catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) in hospitalized patients with intestinal failure (IF), including all subtypes (Types I-III). The study included 321 patients with 9,365 catheter-days. Multivariate logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors. Stratified analyses identified subtype-specific risks, and hospital stay length and health economic outcomes were assessed. The study highlights the need for subtype-tailored prevention strategies and closer metabolic and immune monitoring in hospitalized IF patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients meeting the ESPEN 2023 diagnostic criteria for intestinal failure.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Catheter indwelling duration <48 hours; Implanted catheter before admission; Complex components in PN difficult to quantify; Positive blood cultures with unclear CRBSI diagnosis; Alternative infection sources identified.

This single-center retrospective study enrolled 321 patients with intestinal failure admitted between 2021 and 2024. All included patients met the ESPEN 2023 diagnostic criteria for intestinal failure, defined as reduced intestinal function below the minimum necessary for absorption of macronutrients and/or water-electrolytes, thus requiring intravenous supplementation (IVS) to maintain health and/or growth. Patients were excluded if they met any of the following criteria: Catheter indwelling duration <48 hours; Implanted catheter before admission; Complex components in PN difficult to quantify; Positive blood cultures with unclear CRBSI diagnosis; Alternative infection sources identified.