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This cross-sectional study aims to determine the test-retest reliability of surface electromyography (sEMG) outcomes in detecting levels of fatigue among healthy adolescents engaged in physical activities. It seeks to evaluate the consistency of sEMG parameters across two test sessions and correlate these measurements with both performance metrics and subjective fatigue assessments.
Participants will perform repetitive squatting until volitional exhaustion while their muscular activity is recorded. They will do so on two different test sessions with an interval of one week in between.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fatigue | Experimental | To induce muscular fatigue, participants will perform a repetitive bodyweight squat until 1) the squat cannot be performed over the full range of motion for 2 consecutive repetitions and 2) physical exertion occurs (10-point Borg scale). |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surface Electromyography | Diagnostic Test | The primary lower limb muscles to be monitored include the gluteus medius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis (quadriceps ), biceps femoris (hamstrings), tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius medialis (calves). This setup fully utilizes a 16-channel sEMG system by monitoring each muscle group bilaterally to capture comprehensive data on muscle activity and fatigue. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| sEMG median power frequency (MPF) - test | A parameter used to analyze the frequency content of the electrical signals generated by muscle activity. Changes in the MPF can indicate alterations in muscle fiber recruitment and metabolic changes during sustained muscle contractions | first test session at day 1 |
| sEMG median power frequency - retest | A parameter used to analyze the frequency content of the electrical signals generated by muscle activity. Changes in the MPF can indicate alterations in muscle fiber recruitment and metabolic changes during sustained muscle contractions | second test session after 1 week |
| sEMG RMS amplitude - test | A single value that represents the magnitude of the sEMG signal over a specified period of time, higher RMS values indicate greater muscle activation. | first test session at day 1 |
| sEMG RMS amplitude - retest | A single value that represents the magnitude of the sEMG signal over a specified period of time, higher RMS values indicate greater muscle activation. | second test session after 1 week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| VAS score - test | subjective fatigue score | first test session at day 1 |
| VAS score - retest | subjective fatigue score | second session after 1 week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Age | age in years | first test session at day 1 |
| Gender | male/female/other | first session |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ann Hallemans, Associate Professor, PhD | Contact | +3232652912 | ann.hallemans@uantwerpen.be |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Universiteit Antwerpen, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Research group MOVANT | Recruiting | Wilrijk | 2610 | Belgium |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Mokkink, L.B., de Vet, H., Diemeer, S. et al. Sample size recommendations for studies on reliability and measurement error: an online application based on simulation studies. Health Serv Outcomes Res Method 23, 241-265 (2023) | ||
| 29441401 | Background | Patikas DA, Williams CA, Ratel S. Exercise-induced fatigue in young people: advances and future perspectives. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2018 May;118(5):899-910. doi: 10.1007/s00421-018-3823-1. Epub 2018 Feb 13. | |
| 29769821 |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Oct 31, 2024 | Aug 23, 2025 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004576 | Electromyography |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004568 | Electrodiagnosis |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
| D009213 | Myography |
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|
| Height | body height in centimeters | first test session at day 1 |
| Weight | body weight in kilograms | first test session at day 1 |
| Leg length | Length measured from trochanter major to the ground in centimeters | first test session at day 1 |
| Physical Activity | PAQ-A (physical activity questionaire for adolescents): a self-administered, 7-day recall instrument. It was developed to assess general levels of physical activity for high school students in grades 9 to 12 and approximately 14 to 19 years of age. | first test session at day 1 |
| Background |
| Lynn SK, Watkins CM, Wong MA, Balfany K, Feeney DF. Validity and Reliability of Surface Electromyography Measurements from a Wearable Athlete Performance System. J Sports Sci Med. 2018 May 14;17(2):205-215. eCollection 2018 Jun. |
| 19285766 | Background | Cifrek M, Medved V, Tonkovic S, Ostojic S. Surface EMG based muscle fatigue evaluation in biomechanics. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2009 May;24(4):327-40. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.01.010. Epub 2009 Mar 13. |