The goal of this observational study is to investigate several means of measuring intracranial pressure (ICP) non-invasively in patients who had head trauma and received implantation of invasive ICP monitor device. The main questions it aims to answer are:

What are the diagnostic efficacies of Transcranial Color-Coded Doppler Ultrasound (TCCD), Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter (ONSD) and Optic Disc Height (ODH) (the 3 non-invasive way of measuring ICP) compared with invasive ICP monitor? Participants will receive simultaneous non-invasive measurements of TCCD, ONSD and ODH along with during the days of invasive ICP monitoring. The data will be compared among the techniques to study the diagnostic efficacy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Traumatic brain injury;
• Received invasive ICP monitoring;
• age ≥ 18 years old.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Severe eyeball / eyelid damage prevents transorbital ultrasound examination;
• Allergy to ultrasound coupling agent;
• Pregnant or lactating females.

The study selects patients admitted to the neurosurgical intensive care unit of Central South University Xiangya Hospital.

Data cannot be shared publicly because of patient privacy protection. Data are available from the Xiangya Hospital Institutional Data Access / Ethics Committee for researchers who meet the criteria for access to confidential data.