traditional model of hospital care

encompasses the following five dimensions: Understanding: A neonatologist provided a comprehensive explanation regarding the developmental progress of premature infants, potential complications, and essential aspects of nursing care to ensure the family gained a thorough understanding of the care requirements for premature infants.

Accompaniment: Two nursing guides provided essential support to parents of newborns in the NICU, helping to alleviate the anxiety and sense of helplessness among family members and fostering a relationship of trust between the medical staff and the families.

Help: A neonatal nurse played a guiding role in facilitating parental involvement in the daily care of premature infants, which encompassed feeding guidance, introduction of complementary foods, skin care, and related aspects.

Empowerment: A psychological counselor was assigned to provide psychological counseling and guidance to new parents, offering appropriate emotional support and assisting them in a

encompasses the following five dimensions: Understanding: A neonatologist provided a comprehensive explanation regarding the developmental progress of premature infants, potential complications, and essential aspects of nursing care to ensure the family gained a thorough understanding of the care requirements for premature infants.

Accompaniment: Two nursing guides provided essential support to parents of newborns in the NICU, helping to alleviate the anxiety and sense of helplessness among family members and fostering a relationship of trust between the medical staff and the families.

Help: A neonatal nurse played a guiding role in facilitating parental involvement in the daily care of premature infants, which encompassed feeding guidance, introduction of complementary foods, skin care, and related aspects.

Empowerment: A psychological counselor was assigned to provide psychological counseling and guidance to new parents, offering appropriate emotional support and assisting them in ac

To measure a preterm infant's head circumference: use a soft tape, wrap snugly over supraorbital ridges and occipital protuberance, read to 0.1cm, repeat twice, record.

To measure a preterm infant's weight: place on a calibrated, zeroed electronic scale (nappy only), ensure stillness, read to 0.1g, repeat twice, record with date/time.

To measure a preterm infant's length: extend body, align head/heel, use a length board, read to 0.1cm, repeat, record.

STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) scores assess anxiety levels via two scales: State Anxiety (S-AI) measures temporary anxiety, Trait Anxiety (T-AI) assesses general anxiety proneness.

Each has 20 items, rated 1-4. Scores range 20-80; higher scores indicate greater anxiety. S-AI ≥40 suggests significant state anxiety; T-AI ≥40 may indicate trait anxiety.

PSOC (Parenting Sense of Competence Scale) scores assess parental self-efficacy and satisfaction. It has 17 items, rated 1-6, covering efficacy (confidence) and satisfaction (emotional engagement). Scores range 17-102; higher scores mean stronger. parenting competence.