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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of bibliotherapy administered to adolescent patients in the preoperative period on vital signs, anxiety levels, and coping attitudes using a pretest-posttest controlled experimental design. The main hypotheses:
H1: Bibliotherapy administered to adolescent patients during the preoperative period positively affects at least one of the patients' vital signs.
H2: Bibliotherapy administered to adolescent patients during the preoperative period reduces the patients' state anxiety level.
H3: Bibliotherapy administered to adolescent patients during the preoperative period reduces the patients' trait anxiety level.
H4: Bibliotherapy administered to adolescent patients during the preoperative period increases the patients' level of coping with illness.
Researchers will compare control group to see if vital signs, anxiety and coping with illnes levels. Bibliotherapy was applied to the intervention group, while the control group received routine clinical care.
The study was conducted with 90 adolescent patients scheduled for surgical intervention at the pediatric surgery clinic of a city hospital. Data were collected using the "Personal Information Form," "Vital Signs Monitoring Form," "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children," and the "Coping Attitudes Assessment Scale. In the intervention group, a three-stage process (pre-test, bibliotherapy, and post-test) was implemented; as part of bibliotherapy, the book "My Surgery Journey" was read to the patients and discussed individually to help them understand the surgical process and reduce anxiety. In the control group, only pre-test and post-test measurements were conducted at the same time intervals, without any psychoeducational intervention. In both groups, vital signs, anxiety levels, and coping with illness were assessed using standardized scales and measurement methods.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Experimental | As part of the bibliotherapy intervention, the book "My Surgery Journey" (bibliotherapy), developed by the researchers, was read to the patients during in two hours the preoperative period and discussed individually with them, aiming to help the patients understand the surgical process and reduce their anxiety. |
|
| Control group | No Intervention | Only routine nursing care and information were continued in this group. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bibliotherapy | Behavioral | Bibliotherapy is a therapeutic approach that uses carefully prepared reading materials (My Surgery Story) to support individuals' understanding, coping, and anxiety, facilitated through guided reading and discussion. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Vital sign: pulse | Pulse is the rhythmic expansion of an artery caused by the ejection of blood from the heart, reflecting the heart rate and rhythm. | Day 1: Before two hours from surgery and at after eigth hours from surgery (Day 1) |
| Vital sign: blood pressure | Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the arteries, indicating the pressure during heartbeats (systolic) and between beats (diastolic). Ask ChatGPT Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the arteries, indicating the pressure during heartbeats (systolic) and between beats (diastolic). Ask ChatGPT Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the arteries, indicating the pressure during heartbeats (systolic) and between beats (diastolic). | Day 1: Before two hours from surgery and at after eigth hours from surgery (Day 1) |
| vital sign: body temperature | Body temperature is the measure of the body's ability to generate and dissipate heat, reflecting the balance between heat production and heat loss. | Day 1: Before two hours from surgery and at after eigth hours from surgery (Day 1) |
| vital sign: respiratory rate | Breathing, or respiratory rate, is the number of breaths taken per minute, indicating how effectively the body is exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. | Day 1: Before two hours from surgery and at after eigth hours from surgery (Day 1) |
| vital sign: Oxygen saturation | Oxygen saturation is the percentage of hemoglobin in the blood that is saturated with oxygen, indicating how efficiently oxygen is being transported to body tissues. | Day 1: Before two hours from surgery and at after eigth hours from surgery (Day 1) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbul Medipol University Hospital | Istanbul | Bağcılar | Turkey (Türkiye) | |||
| Istanbul Medipol University |
The individual participant data (IPD) collected in this study, including de-identified demographic information, clinical measurements (vital signs), anxiety scores, and coping assessment results, will be made available to other qualified researchers upon reasonable request. All shared data will be fully anonymized to protect participant confidentiality. Data will be accessible starting from [12 months] after publication of the primary results, through a secure data repository or via direct request to the corresponding author. Researchers requesting access will be required to submit a brief proposal outlining the purpose of the data use and agree to data use agreements ensuring ethical and secure handling of the information.
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a pretest-posttest randomized controlled experimental design
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Participant masking indicates a patient with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure receiving hemodialysis treatment
| State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children | The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children measures both the temporary (state) and general (trait) levels of anxiety experienced by children. The highest possible score on the State Anxiety Inventory is 60, and the lowest is 20. An increase in the score indicates a higher level of anxiety. | Day 1: 1 hour after the decision for surgery is explained to the patient and and at after eigth hours from surgery (Day 1) |
| Coping Attitudes Assessment Scale | The Coping Attitudes Assessment Scale evaluates an individual's strategies and attitudes toward managing stress and adapting to challenging situations. The highest possible score on the scale is 160, and the lowest is 40. A higher score on the scale indicates a higher level of coping attitude. | Day 1: 1 hour after the decision for surgery is explained to the patient and and at after eigth hours from surgery (Day 1) |
| Istanbul |
| Turkey (Türkiye) |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D016638 | Critical Illness |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001638 | Bibliotherapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
| D005791 | Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |
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