This is a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial aiming to evaluate the effects of different regional anesthesia/analgesia techniques on postoperative knee range of motion (ROM) and patient satisfaction following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Ninety patients undergoing elective TKA under spinal anesthesia will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: 1) spinal anesthesia with epidural catheter, 2) spinal anesthesia followed by adductor canal catheterization, and 3) spinal anesthesia with multimodal intravenous analgesia. The primary outcome is postoperative knee joint ROM measured on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3. Secondary outcomes include patient satisfaction, Oxford Knee Score, postoperative opioid consumption, and VAS scores. The study is conducted at Konya City Hospital and will be completed over a 6-month period.

• Minimum Age: 18 Years

• Maximum Age: None

• Sex: All

• Gender Based: No

• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Inclusion Criteria:

  • Scheduled for primary total knee arthroplasty
  • Age ≥ 18 years
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III
  • Accepting neuraxial anesthesia

• Exclusion Criteria:

  • Skin infection at the planned injection site
  • Sepsis
  • Coagulopathy
  • Refusal of neuraxial anesthesia
  • Severe hypovolemia
  • Demyelinating central nervous system disease
  • Age under 18 years
  • Illiterate in Turkish
  • Non-cooperative patients
  • Known allergy or hypersensitivity to bupivacaine