This study will evaluate the effects of using a pedal-assist electric bicycle (e-bike) for commuting on physical activity, fitness, and health in overweight or obese college students. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a 12-week e-bike commuting intervention or a control group. The study will measure changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, blood biomarkers, physical activity, and psychological well-being over a 24-week period.

This randomized controlled trial investigates the effectiveness of e-bike commuting as a strategy to improve cardiometabolic health, physical activity levels, and psychological well-being in college students with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m² or higher. Eligible participants will be randomized to either a 12-week e-bike intervention group or a control group that continues usual commuting habits. Assessments will occur at baseline (Week 0), post-intervention (Week 12), and follow-up (Week 24). Each assessment will include VO₂peak testing using a graded cycle ergometer protocol, body composition assessment via BodPod, fasting fingerstick blood tests for glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides, blood pressure and resting heart rate measurement, and self-report questionnaires evaluating motivation, stress, affect, mental health, and academic engagement. Participants will also complete a 30-minute submaximal cycling test during which affective responses will be recorded, and physical activity will be tracked over 7 days. Those assigned to the intervention group will receive a pedal-assist e-bike, helmet, and safety training and will be asked to ride at least four days per week for 12 weeks. The study aims to determine whether e-bike commuting can promote sustained physical activity and improve cardiometabolic and mental health outcomes in a population at risk for early health decline.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged 18-29 years
• Currently enrolled undergraduate or graduate student
• Body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m² (classified as overweight or obese)
• Self-report of engaging in <150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
• Able and willing to safely ride a bicycle for commuting or transportation purposes
• Willing to be randomized and complete all study procedures across 24 weeks Able to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Current use of a bicycle or e-bike for commuting ≥2 times per week
• Known cardiovascular, metabolic, or orthopedic conditions that limit physical activity or make exercise testing unsafe
• Currently pregnant, planning pregnancy during the study period, or less than 6 months postpartum
• Use of medications known to affect glucose metabolism, heart rate, or physical activity (e.g., beta-blockers, insulin)
• Diagnosed severe mental health disorders that would impair study participation
• Participation in another clinical trial or lifestyle intervention within the past 3 months
• Inability or unwillingness to attend lab visits or comply with the intervention protocol

De-identified individual participant data (IPD) collected in this study-including demographic information, outcome measures (e.g., physical activity, VO₂peak, body composition, survey scores), and visit-level data-will be made available to qualified researchers upon reasonable request. Data will be shared in a manner that protects participant confidentiality and complies with IRB and institutional policies.

Data will be available beginning 12 months after study completion and for up to 5 years thereafter.

Researchers must submit a data use request, including a brief study proposal and data security plan, to the study principal investigator. Requests will be reviewed by the research team for scientific merit and feasibility. Approved researchers will be provided with a de-identified dataset via a secure, password-protected data repository.