Active comparator: asthmatic medication only

The intervention group received a nursing intervention, which included three educational sessions classified into one session for the theoretical part through using face to face lecture, discussion, and two sessions for the practical part by utilizing PowerPoint, discussion, demonstration and re-demonstration. The researchers divided the participants into small groups each group consisted 3-4 cases, and three educational sessions provided for each group after data collection.

medication only

Education intervention for asthma prevention. self-management practices and adaptation behaviors: rinsing the nose with salty water, inhalation of steam, proper technique of using inhalers, breathing and Aerobic exercises. Lara Asthma Symptom Scale was used total score between 8 and 40, where higher scores indicate more severe asthma symptoms.

Education intervention to improv physical capacity. self-management practices and adaptation behaviors: rinsing the nose with salty water, inhalation of steam, proper technique of using inhalers, breathing and Aerobic exercises. International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form adopted is a self-reported tool, in which physical activity grades over the previous seven days were explored and conveyed in metabolic equivalents. The scores for diverse activities were then collected to develop the overall MET-min/week. The physical activity (PA) level was divided into three categories: low (less than 600 MET/min/week), moderate (more than 600 MET/min/week), and high (more than 3000 MET/min/week).