Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, often necessitating invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) during acute exacerbations. Weaning these patients from MV is a critical juncture in their care, as prolonged ventilation is associated with increased complications, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, diaphragmatic dysfunction, and higher healthcare costs. Traditional weaning indices, such as the Rapid Shallow Breathing Index (RSBI), Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP), and the Integrative Weaning Index (IWI), New Integrative Weaning Index (NIWI) have been employed to predict weaning outcomes. However, their predictive accuracy in COPD patients is variable, often due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease and the presence of comorbidities. Recent advancements have introduced non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring tools, such as the ICON® (Electrical Cardiometry), which measures parameters like cardiac output, stroke volume, and thoracic fluid content. These parameters may offer additional insights into a patient's readiness for weaning by providing real-time data on cardiovascular and fluid status, which are crucial in the weaning process. There is a scarcity of data comparing the predictive value of ICON parameters with traditional weaning indices in COPD patients. Understanding whether ICON-derived metrics can enhance weaning predictions and lead to more individualized and effective weaning strategies, reducing the duration of MV and improving patient outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• All COPD patients who are mechanically ventilated for more than 48 h due to acute exacerbation and fulfilling weaning criteria will be included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients younger than 18 years old.
2. Patients with pneumothorax, pleural, or pericardial effusion.
3. Patients with injuries, burns, or wounds which precludes the proper application of the device electrodes.

location: Assiut University Hospital Respiratory Intensive Care unit Population: All COPD patients admitted to Assiut University Hospital Respiratory Intensive Care unit, willingly sign informed consent, match the inclusion criteria and don't have a feature listed in the exclusion criteria.