Attentional Focus in Single-Leg Squat for Ankle Sprain

Effects of Single-Leg Squat Exercises With Different Attentional Focus Techniques on Plantar Pressure Distribution and Posterior Chain Muscle Activation in Individuals With Unilateral Ankle Sprain

This study investigates the acute effects of single-leg squat exercises conducted under different attentional focus strategies (internal, external, and no focus) on plantar pressure distribution and posterior chain muscle activation in individuals with a history of unilateral ankle sprain. The study aims to determine whether external focus improves neuromuscular efficiency and postural control compared to internal or no attentional focus.

Unilateral ankle sprain is a common condition that compromises proprioception and neuromuscular control, often leading to chronic ankle instability. This randomized crossover trial examines the impact of attentional focus strategies during single-leg squats on surface electromyography (sEMG) activity of posterior chain muscles (gluteus medius, biceps femoris, lateral gastrocnemius, and peroneus) and plantar pressure parameters (COP path length and ellipse area) using pedobarographic analysis. Results may guide rehabilitation protocols by integrating cognitive-motor strategies for improved stability and performance.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy individuals aged approximately 18-25 years
• History of unilateral ankle sprain
• Ability to perform single-leg squat exercises
• Willingness to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute musculoskeletal injuries preventing participation
• Neurological or neuromuscular impairments
• Uncorrected visual impairments
• Recent surgery or conditions precluding safe exercise