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The goal of this clinical trial is to check the comparative effectiveness of Graston Techniques and Dry cupping in Office Workers with Scapulocostal syndrome. The main questions it aims to answer are:
1) Be divided into 2 Groups (Group A= Dry Cupping; B: Graston Techniques) 2) get the treatment for 4 weeks (3 days a week). 3) Receive the same conventional treatment.
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of Graston and Dry cupping in treating Scapulocostal syndrome in office workers, focusing on specific outcomes like pain severity, functional outcomes, and work productivity.
This study will be a randomized clinical trial with a sample size of 46 participants with work-related SCS. The participants will be obtained by non-probability convenient sampling based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups, with 23 subjects in each group. Group A will receive dry cupping along with conventional therapy while Group B will receive IASTM along with conventional therapy.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group A = Dry Cupping | Experimental | Group A will receive Dru cupping along with conventional treatment. |
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| Group B = Graston Technique | Experimental | Group B will receive Graston Technique with Conventional treatment. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental: Group A = Dry Cupping | Other | Dry cupping, originating in Middle Eastern and Asian countries, gained popularity in the United States after the 2016 Summer Olympics. It has two main forms: wet and dry cupping. Wet cupping involves laceration of the skin, while dry cupping uses negative pressure to pull the skin into the cup. Cupping is used to reduce musculoskeletal or myofascial pain, with the most accepted mechanism being localized hyperemia, which improves microcirculation and promotes healing |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in Pain Intensity as Measured by the Visual Analog Scale | Pain intensity will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a 100 mm horizontal line anchored by two extremes: 0 mm represents "no pain" and 100 mm represents "worst imaginable pain." Participants will mark the point that best represents their pain intensity. The score is the distance in millimeters from the left end to the mark. Change in pain intensity will be calculated by subtracting the Week 4 score from the baseline score. A decrease in VAS score indicates an improvement in pain levels. | 4 Weeks |
| Cervical Range of Motion (ROM) | Cervical spine Range of Motion (ROM) will be assessed and measured using a universal goniometer by utilizing moving and stationary arm of angles in cervical spine range of motion.. | 4 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Neck Disability Index (NDI) Total Score | The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is a validated 10-item questionnaire assessing neck-specific disability. Each item is scored from 0 to 5, resulting in a total score range of 0 to 50. Higher scores indicate greater disability. The change in total NDI score from baseline to Week 4 will be calculated. A decrease in score indicates clinical improvement. | 4 Weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Danyal Ahmad, PhD Scholar | University of Management and Technology Sialkot Pakistan | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bethania Hospital Sialkot | Sialkot | Punjab Province | 51310 | Pakistan | ||
| Bethania Hospital |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Result | Influence of Rolfing Structural Integration on Active Range of Motion: A Retrospective Cohort Study [Internet]. [cited 2025 Oct 19]. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/19/5878 | ||
| 36937215 | Result | Sharma S, Kaur H, Verma N, Adhya B. Looking beyond Piriformis Syndrome: Is It Really the Piriformis? Hip Pelvis. 2023 Mar;35(1):1-5. doi: 10.5371/hp.2023.35.1.1. Epub 2023 Mar 6. | |
| Result | Aslam S, Rahim R, Ejaz U, Tariq ZB, Guftar F. Effects of Myofascial Release Technique on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Disability in Patients with Piriformis Syndrome. HJPRS [Internet]. 2025 Aug 23 [cited 2025 Oct 19];5(2):56-61. | ||
| 31322903 |
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Individual Participant Data (IPD) will not be shared, or may not be shared, due to concerns regarding participant confidentiality and privacy, limitations of informed consent that did not explicitly include data sharing, and the risk of re-identification even after anonymization.
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A convenient sampling technique was used. Data collection was initiated after taking the content form, and then participants were divided into two groups by lottery: Group A and Group B. Group A was given Dry cupping, and Group B was given the Graston Technique along with Conventional Treatment.
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| Experimental: Group B = Graston Technique | Other | Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), derived from Cyriax cross-friction massage, is a popular alternative to traditional manual therapy techniques, with its first controlled study published in 1997 (Seffrin & Gardiner-Shires, 2019) .The Graston Technique(GT), also known as instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), is used by chiropractors, doctors, and therapists to alleviate pain and range-of-motion restrictions caused by musculoskeletal injuries and scar tissue. (McKivigan, J. M., & Tulimero, G. et al. , 2020) . The Graston technique, is also used to alleviate upper cervical pain. |
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| Treatment-Related Adverse Events During the 4-Week Intervention | Treatment-related adverse events (AEs), such as skin irritation, bruising, or discomfort, will be recorded throughout the study. The number of participants experiencing at least one AE will be counted. All AEs will be assessed for severity and relatedness to the intervention. | 4 weeks |
| Lahore |
| 54910 |
| Pakistan |
| University of Management and technology Sialkot Campus | Sialkot | 54000 | Pakistan |
| Bethania Hospital | Sialkot | Pakistan |
| Result |
| Seffrin CB, Cattano NM, Reed MA, Gardiner-Shires AM. Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization: A Systematic Review and Effect-Size Analysis. J Athl Train. 2019 Jul;54(7):808-821. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-481-17. Epub 2019 Jul 19. |
| 26891646 | Result | Buttagat V, Taepa N, Suwannived N, Rattanachan N. Effects of scapular stabilization exercise on pain related parameters in patients with scapulocostal syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2016 Jan;20(1):115-122. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2015.07.036. Epub 2015 Jul 26. |
| 32827553 | Result | Elsayyad MM, Abdel-Aal NM, Helal ME. Effect of Adding Neural Mobilization Versus Myofascial Release to Stabilization Exercises after Lumbar Spine Fusion: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2021 Feb;102(2):251-260. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.07.009. Epub 2020 Aug 19. |