The Effects of Early vs. Delayed Time-Restricted Eating on Metabolic Syndrome Parameters

The Effects of Early vs. Delayed Time-Restricted Eating on Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This study aims to compare the effects of early and delayed time-restricted eating on metabolic syndrome parameters in obese women.

This randomized controlled trial investigates the effects of time-restricted eating with different timing windows on metabolic syndrome parameters. A total of 36 sedentary obese women aged between 20-49 years were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Early Time-Restricted Eating (eTRE; 08:00-16:00), Delayed Time-Restricted Eating (dTRE; 12:00-20:00), and a Control group (08:00-20:00). Participants' physical activity levels were assessed using a one-day physical activity log. Total energy expenditure was calculated, and a 25% energy restriction was applied to create individualized medical nutrition therapy. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, and biochemical parameters were collected before and after the 8-week intervention.

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI > 30 kg/m²
• Able to follow dietary protocols
• No chronic disease (T1DM, T2DM, cardiovascular disease, cancer)
• Not on a weight loss diet in the past 6 months
• No psychiatric disorder
• Sedentary lifestyle

Exclusion Criteria:

• Menopausal women
• Cardiovascular disease
• Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes
• Use of weight loss medications
• Pregnant or breastfeeding
• Smoking
• Shift workers