Birth type is closely linked to fetal and maternal stress responses. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of delivery method on the stress response in newborns at the metabolite level.

Birth type is closely linked to fetal and maternal stress responses. Previous studies have found higher levels of hormones associated with stress responses in mothers who delivered vaginally compared to those who delivered by cesarean section (C/S). Similarly, differences in markers assessing stress responses in newborns have been observed based on delivery method. However, the literature lacks sufficient studies on low-molecular-weight metabolites, which reveal the metabolic status of newborns.

Metabolomic profiling studies are introductory studies that provide comprehensive information about cell or organism metabolism. They contribute to research in many areas of medicine. In perinatology, metabolomic profiling studies have been conducted on topics such as neural tube defects, intrauterine growth restriction, and maternal diabetes. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of delivery method on the stress response in newborns at the metabolite level.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1) Female patient aged 18-35 2) Term pregnancy 3) Pregnant with follow-up

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1) Having been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus before or during pregnancy 2) Having been diagnosed with hypertension before or during pregnancy 3) Non-singleton pregnancy 4) Non-elective C/S 5) Fetal intrauterine growth restriction 6) Mothers and their babies with a fetal birth anomaly or suspected birth anomaly will not be included in this study.

The study population included pregnant women aged between 18 and 35 years who were regularly followed during their pregnancy and delivered at term. Women with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or hypertension either before or during pregnancy were excluded from the study. Additionally, pregnancies with multiple fetuses, non-elective cesarean sections, intrauterine growth restriction, or fetal congenital anomalies (or suspicion thereof) were not included. The study aimed to ensure a homogeneous and healthy sample to evaluate neonatal stress responses in relation to the mode of delivery.