Participants will receive repositioning splint therapy with jaw position determined by mechanical articulator method for 3-6 months.

Participants will receive repositioning splint therapy with jaw position determined by ai-assisted virtual articulator.

Participants will receive repositioning splint therapy with jaw position determined by ai-assisted virtual patient

The therapeutic jaw position will be determined by the following steps:

1. Pre-treatment Jaw Position Recording Participants were seated upright with relaxed posture, eyes facing forward, and the Frankfort plane parallel to the floor. Intercuspal position (ICP) was recorded using silicone registration material. Edge-to-edge position of central incisors was recorded for protrusive position. Left/right lateral positions were recorded with opposing canines aligned.
2. Transfer of Jaw Positions Following the manufacturer's protocol for the Artex CR mechanical facebow (Amann Girrbach, Austria) to transfer Participants' jaw positions.
3. Determination of Therapeutic Position The Glenoid fossa was divided into 7 grids in the oblique-sagittal plane using Gelb's method, identifying grid 4 (Gelb 4/7) as the target condylar position.Condylar displacement knobs were set per VTO analysis.

Incisal pin height was increased to establish vertical dimension.

Condylar position of the three groups will be assessed after each treatment based on the measurements of sagittal joint spaces (anterior/superior/posterior) on CBCT's cross-sectional views.

Using Mimics software, post-treatment condylar positions were analyzed and measured. The proportions of affected-side condyles reposition to the Gelb 4/7 position were compared across the three therapeutic jaw position determination methods.

Fricton index consists of dysfunction index and palpation index, which can quantify mandibular function and movement, palpation of muscles and other indicators, and is widely used to evaluate the clinical efficacy of temporomandibular disorders.