Practice of Deep Venous Thrombosis Prophylaxis and Its Incidence in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery

Practice of Deep Venous Thrombosis Prophylaxis and Its Incidence in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery: A Nepalese Single-center, Retrospective Study

Recent studies from Asia have reported a wide variation in the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), ranging from 5% to 50% in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. However, data specific to the Nepalese population remains unavailable. This study aims to evaluate current thromboprophylaxis practices and determine the incidence of DVT in Nepalese adults undergoing gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged >18 years
• Underwent major gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary surgery
• Surgery performed under general anesthesia
• Major surgery defined as any operative intervention in the abdominal or hepatobiliary region requiring general anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of VTE within 3 months before surgery
• Known hypercoagulable state or congenital thrombophilia
• Diagnosis of atrial fibrillation
• Undergoing systemic cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy within the past 15 days
• Pregnant or lactating women
• Missing information in clinical records
• Non-operated patients or those receiving conservative management
• Patients undergoing liver transplantation