The Intervention Group 1 were given education on insulin administration with a brochure

Intervention Group 2 were given education with "Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR)

Intervention Group 2 (MAR group): Before the training, the participants were briefly informed about how the application would be performed, and their written consent was obtained. Before the insulin administration training was started, the MAR program was shown to them on the tablet by the researcher and the process steps containing QR codes prepared for insulin administration were provided on a blue flat surface and information was given about the use of the application, and a pre-test was administered to determine their knowledge levels on insulin administration. Then, the education application program prepared for insulin administration was opened and the patients were allowed to use it. The training application was performed 20-25 times. Then the post-test was administered to the participants immediately after the training. At the post-test, they were administered the Knowledge Test and Scale for Satisfaction with Patient Education.

The test prepared by the researcher consists of 10 questions aimed at measuring the insulin administration knowledge levels of patients with type 2 diabetes. The content validity rate (CVR) for each question and the content validity index including all the questions were determined as 0.96. In the 10-question knowledge test, the higher the number of correct answers, the higher the score. It is assumed that the higher the score, the higher the level of knowledge about the subject. The minimum score is 1 and the maximum score is 10.It was aimed to evaluate the insulin application knowledge of patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who received training with mobile augmented reality and brochure after the training compared to before the training. It was expected that the mean knowledge scores of patients with Type 2 diabetes who received insulin administration training with mobile augmented reality would be higher than those who received training with brochures.

The 24-item checklist was developed by the researcher through the literature review to assess the patient's insulin administration skills.The checklist took its final form after expert opinions were obtained from nurse specialists using the Davis technique (1992). In the checklist, each correct step was scored as 2 points, each semi-completed step was scored as 1 point, and each step not completed at all was scored as 0 zero points. It was aimed to evaluate the insulin administration skills of patients with type 2 diabetes who received training with mobile augmented reality and brochure. It was expected that the mean skill scores of Type 2 diabetic patients who received insulin application training with mobile augmented reality would be higher than those who received training with brochure.

This one-dimensional scale developed by Çiftçi et al. (2022) includes 30 items whose responses are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale (Strongly Disagree, Somewhat Agree, etc.). The mean score for the overall scale is calculated by summing the scores of all the items. The highest and lowest possible scores that can be obtained from the overall scale are 150 and 30, respectively. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.98 in Çiftçi et al.'s study (2022), and 0.85 in the present study.