After isolating and drying the teeth to be treated using cotton rolls, 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish (Proshield Varnish, President Dental, Munich, Germany) was applied to the tooth surfaces in two thin layers with the help of a disposable microbrush. The cotton rolls were then removed to allow the varnish to come into contact with saliva and harden. After the procedure, participants were advised to avoid consuming hard foods and brushing their teeth for 4 to 6 hours.

After isolating and drying the teeth to be treated using cotton rolls, a gingival barrier (Top Dam, FGM Dental Group, Brazil) was applied around the cervical area of the crown to cover the surrounding gingiva and was light-cured. After applying petroleum jelly to the lips for isolation, the first step, 38% silver diamine fluoride (Riva Star, SDI, Bayswater, Australia), was applied to the entire tooth surface using a disposable microbrush. Immediately afterward, the second step, potassium iodide, was applied generously to the entire tooth surface using another disposable microbrush. The agent was applied until the creamy white appearance on the tooth disappeared. Excess material on the tooth surface was gently dabbed dry with a cotton pellet.

After isolating and drying the teeth to be treated using cotton rolls, a gingival barrier (Top Dam, FGM Dental Group, Brazil) was applied around the cervical area of the crown to cover the surrounding gingiva and was light-cured. After applying petroleum jelly to the lips for isolation, the first step, 38% aqueous silver fluoride (Riva Star Aqua, SDI, Bayswater, Australia), was applied to the entire tooth surface using a disposable microbrush. Immediately afterward, the second step, potassium iodide, was applied generously to the entire tooth surface using another disposable microbrush. The agent was applied until the creamy white appearance on the tooth disappeared. Excess material on the tooth surface was gently dabbed dry with a cotton pellet.

After isolating and drying the teeth to be treated using cotton rolls, 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish (Proshield Varnish, President Dental, Munich, Germany) was applied to the tooth surfaces in two thin layers with the help of a disposable microbrush. The cotton rolls were then removed to allow the varnish to come into contact with saliva and harden. After the procedure, participants were advised to avoid consuming hard foods and brushing their teeth for 4 to 6 hours.

Clinical evaluations were conducted at baseline, 15 minutes post-treatment, and at 1-week, 1-month, and 6-month follow-up. The The Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale (SCASS) was used by the examiner to assess the subjects' response to this stimulus. Scoring was performed as follows: 0=subject does not respond to air stimulus; 1=subject responds to air stimulus but does not request discontinuation of stimulus; 2=subject responds to air stimulus and requests discontinuation or moves away from stimulus; and 3=subject responds to air stimulus, considers stimulus to be painful, and requests discontinuation of the stimulus.

Clinical evaluations were conducted at baseline, 15 minutes post-treatment, and at 1-week, 1-month, and 6-month follow-up. Tactile hypersensitivity was assessed by scratching on the surface of the MIH-affected tooth with a dental explorer (max. twice scratches back and forth). The children scored pain intensity with the Wong Baker Faces Scale (WBFS) (0 = no hurt and 10 = hurts worst).

Clinical evaluations were conducted at baseline, 15 minutes post-treatment, and at 1-week, 1-month, and 6-month follow-up. Pain status during tooth brushing, pain during consumption of hot/cold/sweet/sour foods and beverages, pain during breathing (present/absent), gingival irritation, taste changes, post-eruptive breakdown, caries, spontaneous pain, mucosal swelling/fistula tract, mobility, and percussion/palpation sensitivity were evaluated (present/absent).