This study includes an intervention development phase (Aim 2) during which the intervention content and delivery mechanisms will be finalized. We will implement the multilevel intervention developed in Aim 2. We anticipate this will consist of one instance of intervention at each hospital and we will develop a full intervention manual following Aim 2. Details regarding the intervention will be updated prior to participant enrollment in the trial.

The wait list control is a group that does not receive an intervention during the study period, serving as an untreated comparison during the study, although they later receive the intervention. This intervention will be delivered after the completion of the last data collection instance.

The intervention will target multiple levels (provider, unit, hospital) and will respond to identified modifiable communication challenges. Aim 2 intervention mapping will finalize the specific intervention; we anticipate it will involve training and education of staff members and new unit protocols for communication.

Reliable, published measure of communication quality; measured across 6 domains on a Likert scale; self reported by clinical team members; Will assess change in clinician perspective of communication quality within 6 months

Provider outcomes will be assessed at the individual level via questions about burnout and intent to leave. This will use pre-existing, reliable measures where individuals report their self-reported rates of burnout and intent to leave their job. These are categorical responses.