The vibration group performed core exercises with vibration at 8 mm amplitude and 14 Hz frequency, 3 days a week for 8 weeks (24 sessions). Each session lasted 45-60 minutes, including a 10-minute warm-up (walking) and a 5-minute cool-down (stretching). Vibration time started at 15 minutes and increased to 30 minutes. Eight core exercises (bridge exercise, plank, cat-camel exercise, crunches, side-bends, heel drops, squats, half push-ups) were applied, with repetitions increased every 2 weeks: 8 reps in weeks 1-2, 10 reps in weeks 3-4, 12 reps in weeks 5-6, and 15 reps in weeks 7-8. A 30-second rest was given between exercises.

No intervention was applied to the control group.

It's a method where individuals stand on a vibration-generating platform and the vibration is transmitted from the soles of their feet to the entire body. Its use in combination with exercise has become popular in recent years due to the hypergravity it creates, aiming to increase muscle strength and reduce pain.

There is no standardized protocol for the frequency, amplitude, and frequency of vibration application. However, it is known that when applied at frequencies between 10-30 Hz, it has no negative side effects and is beneficial in managing pain. In our study, core exercises will be performed on a vibration platform at a frequency of 14 Hz with an amplitude of 8 mm.

The Functional and Emotional Dysmenorrhea Scale was used to assess participants' dysmenorrhea experiences functionally and emotionally. The scale is a Likert-type scale consisting of 14 items and two subscales. Each item can be scored from 1 to 5. Scoring criteria are: 1. Not at all like my situation, 2. Not at all like my situation, 3. Both similar and not like my situation, 4. Similar to my situation, 5. Very similar to my situation. As the total score on the scale increases, the extent to which individuals are functionally and emotionally affected by dysmenorrhea also increases.

In our study, the Menstrual Symptom Scale, a useful tool for assessing menstrual symptoms in Turkish women and found to have adequate validity and reliability, was used to assess participants' symptoms. The scale consists of 22 items developed to assess dysmenorrhea and its symptoms. Each item can be scored from 1 to 5. Scoring criteria range from 1 (never) to 5 (always). It consists of three subscales: items 1-13 address negative effects/somatic complaints, items 14-19 address menstrual pain symptoms, and items 20-22 address coping strategies. The subscale score is calculated by calculating the total mean score of the items in the subscales. A higher mean score for a subscale indicates an increase in the severity of menstrual symptoms related to that subscale. The mean score calculated from the scale is directly proportional to the severity of menstrual symptoms.

In our study, we used the Menstruation Attitude Questionnaire to measure attitudes toward menstruation in individuals with dysmenorrhea and varying socio-demographic characteristics. The scale is a Likert-type scale consisting of 33 items and 5 subscales. Each item is scored from 1 to 5. Scoring criteria range from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly agree). The subscales and number of items are as follows: 1. Menstruation as a debilitating phenomenon (12 items); 2. Menstruation as a disturbing phenomenon (6 items); 3. Menstruation as a natural phenomenon (5 items); 4. Precognition/Anticipation of menstruation (5 items); and 5. Denial of the effects of menstruation (7 items). A high mean score on the Menstruation Attitude Questionnaire is directly proportional to the positive attitude toward menstruation.

VAS is a frequently used assessment method for converting the intensity of pain, which cannot be measured numerically, into numerical data. Pain intensity is assessed on a scale from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating no pain and 10 indicating unbearable pain.