Background The aim of this study is to explore the potential value of preoperative biological age as a predictor of intraoperative hemodynamic changes and postoperative renal function injury.

Methods Collect data using medical record system and surgical anesthesia system, and gather patients who have undergone surgery. Calculate the preoperative biological age of the patient and analyze the correlation between preoperative biological age accelerated aging and intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative renal function damage.

With the intensification of population aging, the number of patients undergoing surgical procedures has been increasing year by year. However, traditional age indicators cannot fully reflect the physiological condition and surgical risks of patients. In clinical practice, preoperative evaluation is usually based on the patient's actual age, but this method fails to fully consider individual biological differences. As a new evaluation indicator, biological age can more accurately reflect an individual's physiological status and health level by comprehensively considering multiple biomarkers. Therefore, biological age has gradually become one of the important parameters for predicting surgical risk. The stability of intraoperative hemodynamics is crucial for the prognosis of surgical patients. Research has shown that intraoperative blood pressure fluctuations, heart rate variability, and other hemodynamic abnormalities are closely related to the occurrence of postoperative complications. Postoperative renal dysfunction (AKI) is a common and serious postoperative complication, especially more common in elderly patients. Previous studies have found that the occurrence of AKI is not only related to intraoperative hemodynamic disorders, but also significantly influenced by the patient's underlying health status. However, current research on the impact of biological age on intraoperative hemodynamics and its relationship with postoperative renal function injury is still limited. Further exploration of the relationship between preoperative biological age and intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, as well as their predictive value for postoperative renal function injury, will help improve the accuracy of preoperative risk assessment, optimize intraoperative management strategies, and ultimately improve patients' postoperative prognosis. Therefore, this study aims to provide a new predictive tool for clinical practice and a basis for personalized surgical management by systematically evaluating the impact of biological age on intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative renal function injury.

Based on hospital data, evaluate the hemodynamic fluctuations and incidence of postoperative renal function damage in patients of different biological ages undergoing high-risk surgery. The study aims to verify whether biological age can be independent of traditional clinical evaluation indicators, provide more accurate prediction of perioperative risks for patients, and provide scientific basis for individualized treatment decision-making.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Surgical pateints

Exclusion Criteria:

• (1) Lacking valid demographic information; (2) Lacking valid biological age; (3) Lacking blood pressure records

Patients undergoing surgery with complete anaesthetic records