surgical horizontal augmentation for maxillary alveolar ridge using minimally invasive subperiosteal tunneling in comparison to conventional surgical technique

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults over 18 years old seeking an implant-supported restoration with deficient horizontal posterior maxillary alveolar ridge, at area of one or two missed teeth of less than 5 mm buccolingual width.
• Minimum vertical height of 8 mm.
• Gingival tissue of healthy adequate keratinization, more than 2mm.

Exclusion Criteria:

• The presence of uncontrolled diabetes or any other systemic condition which may complicate the surgical procedure or interfere with bone healing
• Radiotherapy to the head and neck region
• Chemotherapy within the last 12 months
• Uncontrolled periodontitis
• Smoking
• Bisphosphonate therapy
• Pregnancy
• Presence of periapical infection or lesion