A Two-Arm, Multicenter, Non-Randomized Controlled Study on the Efficacy of Yttrium-90 (Selective Internal Radiation Therapy) Therapy and Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy (Hepatic Artery Infusion Chemotherapy) for Potentially Resectable Intermediate and Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A Two-Arm, Multicenter, Non-Randomized Controlled Study on the Efficacy of Yttrium-90 (SIRT) Therapy and Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy (HAIC) for Potentially Resectable Intermediate and Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The objective of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of yttrium-90 (SIRT) treatment and hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy (HAIC) on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with potentially resectable HCC in the HCC population. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Whether yttrium-90 (SIRT) therapy is more effective than hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in treating patients with potentially resectable liver cancer
• Whether yttrium-90 (SIRT) therapy is safer than hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in patients with potentially resectable liver cancer The researchers compared yttrium-90 (SIRT) treatment to hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy (HAIC) to see if yttrium-90 (SIRT) was more effective in treating potentially resectable liver cancer.

Participants will:

• Patients will receive yttrium-90 (SIRT) therapy or 1 of them hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy (HAIC).
• Follow-up at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery
• Keep a record of their symptoms and test results

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥ 18 years and ≤ 75 years.
• Good general condition, with an ECOG Performance Status (PS) of 0-1.
• Classified as China Liver Cancer Staging (CNLC) stage Ib (PS 0-2, Child-Pugh class A/B liver function, single tumor >5 cm in diameter, without radiologically visible vascular tumor thrombus and extrahepatic metastasis), IIa (PS 0-2, Child-Pugh class A/B liver function, 2-3 tumors with the largest diameter >3 cm, without radiologically visible vascular tumor thrombus and extrahepatic metastasis), IIb (PS 0-2, Child-Pugh class A/B liver function, ≥4 tumors regardless of diameter, without radiologically visible vascular tumor thrombus and extrahepatic metastasis), or IIIa (PS 0-2, Child-Pugh class A/B liver function, any tumor status with radiologically visible vascular tumor thrombus but without extrahepatic metastasis).
• No prior treatment for liver cancer.
• Absence of distant metastasis, with the tumor anticipated to be completely resectable.
• Patient provides written informed consent after being fully informed about the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Presence of severe impairment of heart, brain, lung, kidney, or other major organ function, severe concurrent infection, or other serious comorbid conditions (> Grade 2 adverse events per CTCAE Version 4.03), rendering the patient unable to tolerate the treatment.
• History of other malignancies.
• History of allergy to related drugs.
• History of organ transplantation.
• Prior treatment for the tumor (including interferon).
• Concurrent HIV infection.
• History of drug or substance abuse.
• Occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding or cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events within approximately 30 days prior to treatment.
• Pregnant or lactating women, or women of childbearing potential unwilling to use contraception.
• Concurrent psychiatric disorders that prevent the patient from providing informed consent or interfere with receiving treatment.
• Any other factors deemed by the investigator as likely to affect patient enrollment or the evaluation of results.