Muscle Quality and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Rectus Femoris and Rectus Abdominis Muscles: Ultrasound Evaluation and Functional Correlation in Older Adults

Muscle Quality and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Rectus Femoris and Rectus Abdominis Muscles: Ultrasound Evaluation and Functional Correlation in Older Adults

The goal of this observational, cross-sectional study is to examine the relationship between body composition and muscle quality in women over the afe of 65. The main question it aims to answer is:

How are ultrasound-based measurements of muscle and fat tissue related to functional performance in older women?

In this observational and cross-sectional study, researchers will use ultrasound imaging and physical performance tests to evaluate muscle thickness, subcutaneous fat thickness, abdominal circumference, handgrip strength, and functional performance. These measurements will help identify muscle and fat distribution profiles associated with higher functional risk in older adults.

This study aims to contribute to the understanding of sarcopenic obesity and muscle quality in aging, with the ultimate goal of improving preventive physiotherapy strategies and promoting healthy aging.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged ≥ 65 years and living in the community.
• Female sex.
• Enrolled as a participant in PReGe program.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Recent surgery (<6 months) involving the abdomen or lower extremities.
• Presence of methal prostheses or implants in the thigh or abdoinal region.
• Diagnosed neuromuscular disease (e.g., myopathies, advanced Parkinson's disease.)
• Musculoskeletal disorders that impair basic mobility or prevent functional testing.
• Acute illness or clinical decompensation at the time of assessment.
• Unintentional weight loss > 5 kg within the past month (suggestive of cachexia risk).
• Presence of active abdominal hernias or severe diastasis recti.