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The aim of this mixed-methods study is to examine the effect of a group social work intervention, based on cognitive behavioral therapy, on bullying-related cognitions and peer relationships among boys in institutional care. Additionally, the study will explore the experiences and perspectives of participants in the experimental group regarding the intervention.
In this study, designed as a mixed-methods research, a mixed-methods experimental (or intervention) design will be employed, in which participants' experiences and opinions about the intervention are embedded within an experimental framework.
In the first phase, quantitative data will be collected and analyzed to assess the effectiveness of a group social work intervention on peer relationships and bullying-related cognitions among boys in institutional care. In the linkage phase, findings from the quantitative analysis will inform the selection of qualitative research participants and the development of the interview protocol. Subsequently, qualitative data will be gathered and analyzed to gain deeper insight into the experiences of the experimental group participants regarding the intervention, and to enhance the interpretation of the quantitative findings. Finally, the results from both data types will be integrated and interpreted.
The quantitative component of the study will be conducted as a parallel-group, single-blind, randomized, waiting list-controlled experimental design. After being informed about the study, all participants who provide written informed consent will be screened for eligibility. Those who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to either the experimental group or the waiting list control group. The implementation phase of the quantitative study will consist of a group social work intervention.
The qualitative component of the study is designed as a phenomenological research approach. In-depth interviews will be conducted to explore the experiences of participants in the experimental group regarding the intervention, as well as their views on its content, applicability, and perceived effects. These interviews also aim to provide a deeper understanding of the quantitative findings. A semi-structured interview guide, to be developed during the linkage phase, will be used to collect the qualitative data.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group Social Work Intervention Based on CBT | Experimental | The experimental group will participate in a group intervention based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The sessions will be conducted by the researcher twice a week over a period of five weeks. |
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| Wait-List Control Group | Other | The control group will consist of children placed on a waiting list. These children will not receive any intervention while the experimental group is undergoing the program. Following the completion of the intervention for the experimental group and the collection of post-test data, the same intervention will be offered to the children in the control group. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group Social Work Intervention Based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy | Other | The aim of the intervention is to modify children's bullying-related cognitions and enhance peer relationships through cognitive restructuring, achieved by increasing awareness of cognitions, emotions, and behaviors among children in institutional care. The content of the intervention was developed using the core principles and techniques of cognitive behavioral therapy. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Peer Relationship Scale | The scale was developed to assess adolescents' peer relationships. It comprises 29 items across four sub-dimensions: Intimacy, Popularity, Trust, and Insightfulness. The items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Completely agree.). The total possible score on the scale ranges from 29 to 145, with higher scores indicating more positive peer relationships. | T0 (Pre-test) T1 (15 days after the end of the procedure) |
| Inventory of Cognitions Related to Bullying for Children | The scale was developed to assess cognitive characteristics associated with peer bullying in children. It consists of 22 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (Not true at all) to 4 (Completely true). The total score on the scale ranges from 22 to 88. Higher scores indicate stronger cognitive acceptance of bullying, suggesting that bullying is perceived as more normal and acceptable. | T0 (Pre-test) T1 (15 days after the end of the procedure) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nur Feyzal Kesen | Selcuk University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karatay Çocuk Evleri Sitesi Müdürlüğü | Konya | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Gökkaya, F., ve Tekinsav-Sütçü, S. (2015). Çocuklar için Zorbalıkla İlgili Bilişler Ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi ve psikometrik özelliklerin değerlendirilmesi. Anadolu Psikiyetri Dergisi, 16(Ek sayı-1), 54-63. | ||
| 38013922 | Background | Aydogdu F. Developing a Peer Relationship Scale for Adolescents: a validity and reliability study. Curr Issues Personal Psychol. 2021 Oct 14;10(2):164-176. doi: 10.5114/cipp.2021.109461. eCollection 2022. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D058445 | Bullying |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000374 | Aggression |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D000071277 | Harassment, Non-Sexual |
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| D012919 |
| Social Behavior |