This clinical trial aims to compare pain perception in children during dental procedures when using a computer-controlled local anesthesia device versus a traditional syringe. Children aged 6 to 8 years who need maxillary primary molar extraction will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: three groups using different speeds of the GENI computer-controlled device, and one group using a conventional syringe. The study will assess pain using facial expression scales and physiological measures such as heart rate. The goal is to find a more comfortable method for delivering anesthesia to pediatric dental patients.

This is a parallel-design randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating pain perception during local anesthesia administration in children undergoing extraction of maxillary primary molars. The study compares the use of a computer-controlled local anesthesia delivery system (GENI) at three different injection speeds-high, moderate, and low-with conventional syringe-based anesthesia.

Children aged 6 to 8 years who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to one of four groups using a computer-generated randomization sequence. Standardized injection techniques will be applied in all groups. The primary outcome is subjective pain, assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. Secondary outcomes include objective behavioral pain assessments using the FLACC scale and physiological responses such as heart rate and oxygen saturation measured with a pulse oximeter.

All procedures will be performed by a single trained operator. The assistant supervisor will monitor randomization and data collection. Although blinding of the operator and participants is not feasible due to the nature of the devices, outcome assessors and the statistician will remain blinded to group assignment to reduce bias.

The study aims to identify whether the GENI device provides improved comfort, reduced pain, and greater cooperation among pediatric patients compared to traditional local anesthesia techniques. The results are expected to guide the development of better pain management strategies in pediatric dentistry.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged from 6 to 8 years old
• Both sexes
• Healthy children classified as ASA I
• Children with maxillary primary molars indicated for extraction
• No previous dental experience
• Mentally capable of communication and following instructions
• No acute dental pain

Exclusion Criteria:

• Uncooperative children or those with a behavioral management problem (Frankl rating 1 or 2)
• Children with known allergies to the local anesthetic or dental materials used in the study
• Children taking medications (e.g., antibiotics, analgesics) in the previous 48 hours that may alter pain perception
• Children whose parents or legal guardians refuse to sign the informed consent form
• Children experiencing acute dental pain

De-identified individual participant data (IPD) that underlie the results reported in the final publication (text, tables, figures, and appendices) will be made available upon reasonable request. Access will be granted to researchers with a methodologically sound proposal for secondary analysis. Data will be available beginning 6 months after publication and ending 2 years after publication.