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This cross-sectional observational study aims to evaluate the hemodynamic changes induced by different intra-abdominal pressures (IAP) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a minimally invasive surgery, requires CO₂ insufflation to create a pneumoperitoneum, which alters intra-abdominal pressure and can affect cardiovascular and respiratory stability. This study assesses how varying IAP levels (8-10 mmHg, 12-14 mmHg, and 15-20 mmHg) influence heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and end-tidal CO₂.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low Pressure Pneumoperitoneum |
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| Medium Pressure Pneumoperitoneum |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low Pressure Pneumoperitoneum | Diagnostic Test | Low Pressure Pneumoperitoneum (8-10 mmHg) Details: CO₂ insufflation to 8-10 mmHg IAP, continuous monitoring, measurement at baseline, insufflation, and desufflation. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Self Administered Questioner | Self-Administered Questionnaire for taking different values | 12 Months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Hemodynamic stability, intra-abdominal pressure effects, physiological stress during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, cardiovascular and respiratory responses under general anesthesia.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pakistan Surgical Center, G9/4 | Islamabad | Pakistan |
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| Medium Pressure Pneumoperitoneum | Diagnostic Test | Medium Pressure Pneumoperitoneum (12-14 mmHg) Details: CO₂ insufflation to 12-14 mmHg IAP, parameters measured at key intervals, standard general anesthesia used. High Pressure Pneumoperitoneum (15-20 mmHg) Details: Standard high-pressure technique, monitoring of hemodynamic and respiratory parameters. |
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