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With the advent of the Internet, mobile phones and other electronic devices have become an integral component in everyone's lives, especially students, whether it is to attend classes, make purchases, conduct transactions, or have social interactions . The continuous use of these electronic devices can easily result in abnormal postures . Upper crossed syndrome (UCS) is one of the most frequently cited complications with modern technological life, which is characterized by weakened middle and lower trapezius, scalenes, deep cervical flexors and serratus anterior at the same time as the rhomboids, as well as tightness in the upper trapezius, pectoralis minor and major and levator scapulae muscles . It mainly leads to muscle imbalances, which eventually manifest in both tonic and phasic muscles
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | Sham Comparator | control group will perform osteopathic manipulative tratment only |
|
| Experimental group | Experimental | experimental group will perform ujjayi pranayama and osteopathic manipulative treatment |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| osteopathic manipulative tratment only | Other | focuses on restoring proper muscle balance and joint mechanics through techniques that address the shortened, tight muscles and the lengthened, weak muscles characteristic of the syndrome |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| FVC ( liters ) | Forced vital capacity (FVC) is the total amount of air exhaled during the FEV test. Forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity are lung function tests , using portable spirometer ( SP 80B , China ) | Pre and post 8 weeks |
| FEV1 ( liters ) | Forced expiratory volume in 1 second that can reflect pulmonary function , using portable spirometer ( SP 80B,China) | Pre and post 8 weeks |
| FEV1/FVC ( % ) | The ratio of the forced expiratory volume in the first one second to the forced vital capacity of the lungs. That can reflect pulmonary function , using portable spirometer ( SP 80B,China) | pre and post 8 weeks |
| PEF ( liters / minute ) | Peak expiratory flow (PEF), a key indicator of lung function,using portable spirometer ( SP 80B,China) | pre and post 8 weeks |
| Expiratory reserve volume ( ERV ) ( Liters ) | is the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal, tidal exhalation | pre and post 8 weeks |
| maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) ( liters/minute ) | is a pulmonary function test that measures the maximum amount of air a person can breathe in and out of their lungs in one minute | Pre and post 8 weeks |
| The inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) ( Liters ) | It represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 6MWDT ( meters ) | focus on endurance and distance covered during a timed walk, rather than assessing the specific muscle imbalances and postural deviations characteristic of Upper Cross Syndrome | Pre and post 8 weeks |
| Timed up and go test ( seconds ) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Full time college students of age 20-29 years.
Exclusion Criteria:
Subjects who engaged in additional exercise in two weeks, which was likely to affect the results of the research .
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mohamed Saied Zidan | Cairo | 11571 | Egypt |
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| ujjayi pranayama and osteopathic manipulative treatment | Other | Ujjayi pranayama, often called "ocean breath," can be a helpful practice for individuals with Upper Cross Syndrome (UCS) by promoting relaxation and improving breath control. While not a direct cure, it can alleviate some symptoms and improve overall posture and body awareness. Osteopathic manipulative treatment focuses on restoring proper muscle balance and joint mechanics through techniques that address the shortened, tight muscles and the lengthened, weak muscles characteristic of the syndrome |
|
| Pre and post 8 weeks |
A simple, quick, and widely used clinical performance-based measure of functional mobility and fall risk. It assesses how long it takes for a person to rise from a chair, walk three meters, turn, walk back, and sit down again.
| Pre and post 8 weeks |
| Berg Balance Scale (BBS) to test dynamic balance | A widely used assessment tool in physical therapy to evaluate a patient's functional balance and fall risk. It consists of 14 tasks, scored on a 5-point scale from 0 to 4, with a total possible score of 56. A lower score indicates a higher risk of falling. | Pre and post 8 weeks |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C537866 | Oculocerebral hypopigmentation syndrome type Preus |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D026301 | Manipulation, Osteopathic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D026201 | Musculoskeletal Manipulations |
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
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