Standard nursing care and in-hospital CR and routine nursing care was provided for the control group. After clinical assessment, eligible AMI patients received exercise-based in-hospital CR, including lower limb cycle ergometer in bed or on armchair, upper and lower muscle endurance, and 10-60 meters walking. Standard nursing care included patient education on the importance of exercise, suggestions for appropriate exercises based on the disease progression and physiological status, and advises for regular follow-up in the outpatient clinic. After discharge, telephone follow-up was conducted every 1-2 weeks to evaluate the patients' health stat us.

Patients in the group received a trans-theoretical model (TTM)- based multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation program (TTMCR). One day before discharge, physicians, rehabilitation therapists, and nurses jointly developed exercise prescriptions for patients including: exercise frequency, intensity and duration. Nurses and rehabilitation therapists jointly provided patients with cardiac rehabilitation-related health education materials and exercise videos. Physicians recommended that patients use wearable monitoring devices during exercise. After discharge, nurses conducted telephone follow-up once a week for a total of 12 times. The follow-up content mainly included providing sports and medical integration guidance based on the patient's stage of change in exercise behavior.

A trans-theoretical model (TTM)- based multidisciplinary CR program (TTMCR) to improve behavior change and cardiac rehabilitation outcomes

Peak ventilation oxygen per kilogram (VO2 Peak-/kg) reflects the patient's exercise capacity and is an important measurement parameter in cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). In this study, 3-month change of VO2 Peak-/kg was used to assess the outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation.

Ventilation oxygen at the anaerobic threshold per kilogram (AT-VO2/kg ) reflects the patient's exercise capacity and is an important measurement parameter in CPET. In this study, 3-month change of AT-VO2/kg was used to assess the outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation.

Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES) was developed to developed by to assess patients' confidence in the ability to participate in exercise and overcome difficulties during exercise. In this study, the ESES score was used as a subjective index to assess the outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation.

Exercise Social Support Scale (ESSS) is a tool used to assess the level of social support individuals perceive related to their exercise habits. In this study, the ESSS score was used as a subjective index to assess the outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation.

Weekly exercise frequency refers to the number of times a patient engages in structured physical activity (aerobic or resistance exercise) lasting at least 30 minutes per session, within a 7-day period. In this study, the change in weekly exercise frequency was evaluated to determine the effects of treatments on behavior change.