Extubation is the final stage after patients undergo weaning procedure from mechanical ventilation in the ICU. Extubation failure followed by reintubation is associated with worse patient outcomes, including prolonged length of stay, increased risk of pulmonary infections, need for tracheostomy, higher healthcare costs, and increased mortality. Careful evaluation of various risk factors for extubation failure must be considered, therefore the extubation readiness guideline or checklist is essential before making the decision to extubate. This study aimed to identify factors associated with extubation failure in Kanigara ICU patients. This was a case-control study using secondary data from medical records of ICU patients who underwent extubation between January 2021 until August 2024. Variables analyzed included Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) results, hemodynamics, ventilator settings, airway protection ability, fluid balance, and airway-related problems. Bivariate and multivariate using logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with extubation failure.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient age 18 years old or more were intubated in Kanigara ICU RSCM more than 24 hours

Exclusion Criteria:

• Dead or needed tracheostomy before extubation, or reintubated for surgical procedure

Patients were intubated in Kanigara ICU for more than 24 hours in January 2021 until August 2024