Prospectively enroll patients with endometriosis and EAOC who complete the routine diagnostic and treatment process and consent to surgical intervention for OCS testing. Using postoperative ovarian pathological diagnosis as the gold standard, evaluate the clinical diagnostic performance of exosome detection in differentiating between endometriosis and EAOC.

Inclusion Criteria:

• (1) Females aged ≥18 years; (2) Initial diagnosis of endometriosis or EAOC based on clinical presentation and imaging findings (including transvaginal ultrasound and MRI), with surgical indications; (3) Consent to surgical treatment and availability of postoperative ovarian pathological diagnosis; (4) Sufficient specimens for serum marker testing; (5) Voluntary participation in this study with signed informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

• (1) Pregnant and lactating women; (2) Patients who have previously undergone surgery with available ovarian histopathological examination results; (3) Confirmed cases of recurrent ovarian carcinoma; (4) Patients receiving chemotherapy or pelvic radiotherapy within 6 months prior to sample collection; (5) Concurrent primary malignancies; (6) Contraindications to surgical evaluation or inability to obtain ovarian surgical pathology information; (7) Specimens non-conforming to collection/preservation requirements, or contaminated/suspected contaminated samples.

Endometriosis and Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Carcinoma

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