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Women's blood vessel health gets worse after menopause, or "the change of life". Some women exercise less during menopause. Exercise can improve blood vessel health. The investigators want to know if resistance exercise, like lifting weights, can improve blood vessel health in women who are just starting menopause. The investigators also want to know if lifting weights can improve mood, sleep, and quality of life in women going through menopause. The investigators will have two groups of women for this study. One group will lift weights (do resistance exercise) twice per week, and the other group will get emails with information about menopause. The investigators will measure blood vessel health, sleep, mood, and menopause symptoms at the start and the end of this study and compare women who did and did not exercise.
Perimenopause is an important time when heart disease risk increases. Perimenopause is also related to worse health-related quality of life, sleep disruptions, and mood. Poor sleep and mood are both related to cardiovascular disease risk. Resistance exercise is effective at reducing cardiovascular disease risk in premenopausal women, and also improves mood, menopausal symptoms, and sleep quality in post-menopausal women. Resistance exercise does not consistently improve vascular function, such as arterial stiffness and blood vessel reactivity, in post-menopausal women. This study aims to investigate the effect of resistance training intervention on vascular function in perimenopausal women. This study will also determine if resistance training improves other novel cardiovascular disease risk factors that tend to worsen in perimenopause, such as sleep quality, mood, and menopause-specific quality of life.
The investigators will conduct a randomized controlled trial in perimenopausal females. Participants will complete baseline vascular function and exercise testing at baseline. Blood and urine will be collected. Participants will also complete surveys about their sleep, mood, and menopause-specific quality of life. Participants will be randomized to resistance training or control group. Those randomized to resistance training will complete two sessions per week for 16 weeks. The control group will receive a weekly health education email. Following the 16-week intervention or control, participants will complete post-intervention vascular function and exercise testing, and the same surveys as at baseline. Comparisons will be made between the exercise and control groups.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resistance Training Intervention | Experimental | Participants randomized to resistance training will complete two sessions/week for 16 weeks. |
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| Health Education Intervention | No Intervention | Participants randomized to the health education control group will receive weekly emails with general menopause information. They will be instructed to maintain current lifestyle habits, including exercise habits while enrolled in this study. They will be provided with a personalized resistance training program, equipment orientation/training session, and a counseling phone call with an exercise physiologist following study completion, or they can re-enroll in the resistance training intervention after completing the control portion of the study. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resistance Training Intervention | Behavioral | Participants will complete a brief aerobic warm-up and dynamic stretching prior to each strength training session. Participants will complete 9 exercises for all major muscle groups. Strength testing at the baseline study visit will be used to determine initial load. Participants will complete 1 set of moderate-intensity loads (~50% maximum and ~12 repetitions) in week 1, 2 sets in week 2, and 3 sets in week 3. By week 4, participants will be completing 3 sets at 60% of maximum. Weight loads will be progressively increased so volitional fatigue is reached by 8-12 repetitions/set. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Vascular function | Arterial stiffness and wave reflection will be measured at baseline and following the 16-week study period using cuff-based waveform acquisition and applanation tonometry. | At baseline and the end of the 16 week study period |
| Endothelial Function | Endothelial function will be measured at baseline and following the 16-week study period using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation measured with vascular ultrasound. | At baseline and the end of the 16 week study period |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Mood scores | Mood will be assessed using validated surveys (PROMIS) at baseline and following the 16-week study period. | At baseline and the end of the 16 week study period |
| Sleep quality | Sleep quality will be assessed using a validated survey (PSQI) at baseline and following the 16-week study period. |
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marnie K. McLean, M.S. | Contact | 734-615-1711 | mcmarnie@umich.edu | |
| Abbi D. Lane, Ph.D. | Contact | 734-647-3843 | abbilane@umich.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Marnie K. McLean, M.S. | University of Michigan | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Michigan School of Kinesiology | Recruiting | Ann Arbor | Michigan | 48109 | United States |
Only deidentified data may be shared. No individual's name or identifiers will be published or shared. Requests for limited datasets will be considered.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| At baseline and the end of the 16 week study period |
| Menopause-specific quality of life | Menopause-specific quality of life will be assessed using a validated survey (MENQOL) at baseline and following the 16-week study period | At baseline and the end of the 16 week study period |