Laparoscopic cholecystectomy will be performed with intra-abdominal pressure maintained at 14 mmHg during insufflation. Standard anesthesia and surgical protocols will be followed.

To compare the effect of two different pneumoperitoneum pressures (10 mmHg vs. 14 mmHg) on upper airway edema during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The degree of edema will be evaluated by changes in ultrasonographic measurements of upper airway structures (e.g., tongue thickness, midsagittal cross-sectional area, pharyngeal wall thickness) before and after the procedure.

To compare the effect of two different pneumoperitoneum pressures (10 mmHg vs. 14 mmHg) on upper airway edema during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The degree of edema will be evaluated by changes in ultrasonographic measurements of upper airway structures (e.g., tongue thickness, midsagittal cross-sectional area, pharyngeal wall thickness) before and after the procedure.

To compare the effect of two different pneumoperitoneum pressures (10 mmHg vs. 14 mmHg) on upper airway edema during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The degree of edema will be evaluated by changes in ultrasonographic measurements of upper airway structures (e.g., tongue thickness, midsagittal cross-sectional area, pharyngeal wall thickness) before and after the procedure.

To evaluate the clinical impact of pneumoperitoneum pressure (10 mmHg vs. 14 mmHg) on postoperative airway outcomes. Clinical indicators such as oxygen saturation changes, signs of airway obstruction, hoarseness, sore throat, hypoxia, stridor, and re-intubation will be recorded. The incidence of these complications will be compared between groups to assess whether higher pressure is associated with increased airway-related morbidity.

To evaluate the clinical impact of pneumoperitoneum pressure (10 mmHg vs. 14 mmHg) on postoperative airway outcomes. Clinical indicators such as oxygen saturation changes, signs of airway obstruction, hoarseness, sore throat, hypoxia, stridor, and re-intubation will be recorded. The incidence of these complications will be compared between groups to assess whether higher pressure is associated with increased airway-related morbidity.

To evaluate the clinical impact of pneumoperitoneum pressure (10 mmHg vs. 14 mmHg) on postoperative airway outcomes. Clinical indicators such as oxygen saturation changes, signs of airway obstruction, hoarseness, sore throat, hypoxia, stridor, and re-intubation will be recorded. The incidence of these complications will be compared between groups to assess whether higher pressure is associated with increased airway-related morbidity.

To evaluate the clinical impact of pneumoperitoneum pressure (10 mmHg vs. 14 mmHg) on postoperative airway outcomes. Clinical indicators such as oxygen saturation changes, signs of airway obstruction, hoarseness, sore throat, hypoxia, stridor, and re-intubation will be recorded. The incidence of these complications will be compared between groups to assess whether higher pressure is associated with increased airway-related morbidity.

To evaluate the clinical impact of pneumoperitoneum pressure (10 mmHg vs. 14 mmHg) on postoperative airway outcomes. Clinical indicators such as oxygen saturation changes, signs of airway obstruction, hoarseness, sore throat, hypoxia, stridor, and re-intubation will be recorded. The incidence of these complications will be compared between groups to assess whether higher pressure is associated with increased airway-related morbidity.

To evaluate the correlation between the total intravenous fluid volume administered intraoperatively and the degree of airway edema, as measured by changes in ultrasonographic airway parameters (e.g., tongue thickness, pharyngeal wall thickness) at defined time points.