Group 1: Non-invasive NESA® Neuromodulation (NNG) using NESA (Applied superficial stimulation, acronym in spanish) device with same-day exercise and education by providing common, non-individualised written instructions, such as dietary and social advice.

NNG was performed with the patient supine, using NESA technology with gloves and anklets, with a total of 24 electrodes plus a directional electrode for global neuromodulation; NESA is a non-invasive monitoring device which emits ultra low frequency currents (1.3-14.28 Hz, depending on the programme), low intensity (0.1-0.9 mA), and low voltage (±3 V) and therefore imperceptible to the patient. Each day a different programme was applied. On the first three days, programme 1 (P1) 15 min, programme 2 (P2) 15 min and programme 7 (P7) 30 min were applied. From the fourth to the sixth day, P2 30 min and P7 30 min were applied, finishing the rest of the days with P3 30 min and P7 30 min. At the same time pelvic exercises were performed.

Group 2: Non-invasive posterior tibial neuromodulation (NTPG) with same-day exercises and education through common, non-individualised written instructions.

NTPG was performed by posterior tibial application plus pelvic exercises (same day of treatment) and advice, with the patient supine, using NEUROTRAC MYOPLUS PRO (brand name of the tibial stimulation device) to perform TENS (transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation) for 30 minutes. An electric current with a frequency of 10 Hz and pulse duration of 200μs was applied. The intensity was adjusted according to the patient's tolerance, with thumb flexion perceptible to visual inspection by the therapist. Two 50 x 50 millimeters electrodes were placed along the posterior tibial nerve pathway, one on the sole of the foot and the other near the medial malleolus on one leg.

NESA is a non-invasive monitoring device, which emits low frequency (1.3-14.28 Hz, depending on the programme), low intensity (0.1-0.9 mA), low voltage (±3 V) ultra low currents, and therefore imperceptible to the patient. It is based on neuromodulation of the autonomic nervous system.

The SF-36 is a 36-question survey that assesses health-related quality of life, measuring eight key domains: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health perception, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health. It's a widely used tool in clinical practice and research for evaluating health status and assessing the impact of interventions.

Sleep quality using the Pittsburgh questionnaire, consisting of 19 items that analyse 7 different components of sleep (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication and daytime dysfunction). Each item is scored from 0 to 3. The total score of the scale ranges from 0 to 21 points where the lower end represents good sleep quality, and the upper end represents poor sleep quality