1. Routine nursing measures: Postoperatively, routine basic treatments such as preventing infection, anti-inflammatory and analgesic therapy, nourishing the nerves, eliminating edema, and suppressing acid and protecting the stomach are provided. After discharge, patients are instructed to take anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs and nourishing nerve drugs as prescribed. Systematic nursing interventions are carried out after the operation, including psychological intervention and health education; avoid prolonged sitting, prolonged standing, heavy lifting and physical labor. Adopt the correct standing and walking postures, and use a waist brace for protected bed mobility for one month. After discharge, instruct patients to visit the clinic for regular follow-ups and consult as needed.

The Baduanjin protocol, based on China's 2003 General Administration of Sport standard, was modified by professional physiotherapists for targeted adaptations, with nurses receiving specialized training. Patients viewed step-by-step instructional clips upon admission alongside a full-length routine video. Standard postoperative rehabilitation was maintained during Weeks 1-2. At Week 3, patients demonstrating adequate wound healing and unimpaired static lumbar muscle contraction performed Baduanjin exercises wearing a lumbar brace, supervised by trained nurses for movement correction. The brace was discontinued after 8 weeks. Modified professional videos with background music were distributed via WeChat/official accounts twice daily (30min/session, 5 days/week) for 13 weeks (total ≥2000min). Duration/frequency adjustments were permitted based on individual recovery and physician recommendations post-intervention.

The Baduanjin protocol, based on China's 2003 General Administration of Sport standard, was modified by professional physiotherapists for targeted adaptations, with nurses receiving specialized training. Patients viewed step-by-step instructional clips upon admission alongside a full-length routine video. Standard postoperative rehabilitation was maintained during Weeks 1-2. At Week 3, patients demonstrating adequate wound healing and unimpaired static lumbar muscle contraction performed Baduanjin exercises wearing a lumbar brace, supervised by trained nurses for movement correction. The brace was discontinued after 8 weeks. Modified professional videos with background music were distributed via WeChat/official accounts twice daily (30min/session, 5 days/week) for 13 weeks (total ≥2000min). Duration/frequency adjustments were permitted based on individual recovery and physician recommendations post-intervention.

JOA consists of three sections: daily life (0-14 points), subjective symptoms (0-9 points), and objective symptoms (0-6 points), with a total score of 29 points. The lower the score, the more obvious the functional impairment. The treatment improvement rate and efficacy are calculated based on the JOA score, using the formula: [(post-treatment score - pre-treatment score) ÷ (29 - pre-treatment score)] x 100%. Among them, an improvement rate of ≥ 75% is considered excellent; 50% - 74% is considered good; 25% - 49% is considered moderate improvement; 0% - 24% is considered poor. The efficacy judgment standard for the improvement rate is as follows: when the improvement rate is 100%, it is considered cured; when the improvement rate is greater than 60%, it is considered marked improvement; when it is 25% - 60%, it is considered effective; and when it is less than 25%, it is considered ineffective.

This is used to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms. A total score of less than 7 indicates no anxiety symptoms; a score greater than 7 suggests the presence of anxiety; a score of 14 or above indicates the existence of anxiety; a score of 21 or above indicates significant anxiety; and a score of 29 or above may indicate severe anxiety.