An Open and Exploratory Phase Ⅱ Clinical Trial of Cadonilimab Combined With Anti-angiogenic Agents in Metastatic dMMR/MSI-H Colorectal Cancer
An Open and Exploratory Phase Ⅱ Clinical Trial of Cadonilimab Combined With Anti-angiogenic Agents in Metastatic dMMR/MSI-H Colorectal Cancer
This study is a prospective, open-label, dual-arm exploratory Phase II clinical trial designed to assess the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab combined with anti-angiogenic agents in patients with dMMR/MSI-H recurrent or metastatic colorectal cancer. Eligible patients are enrolled into two cohorts based on their prior exposure to PD-1/PD-L1 antibody therapy: Cohort A (immune-naive group - patients with no prior PD-1/PD-L1 treatment) and Cohort B (immune rechallenge group - patients who previously received and failed PD-1/PD-L1 therapy). All participants receive combination therapy with cadonilimab and an anti-angiogenic agent, which is selected by the investigator from bevacizumab, regorafenib, or fruquintinib. Treatment continues until the occurrence of intolerable toxicity, disease progression, withdrawal of informed consent, loss to follow-up, death, other conditions deemed by the investigator to warrant discontinuation, or study termination-whichever occurs first. Cadonilimab treatment will not exceed two years. Tumor response is evaluated every six weeks using RECIST v1.1 criteria. Safety is assessed using CTCAE v5.0, and adverse events are recorded from the first dose to 30 days after the end of treatment.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Signed written informed consent prior to enrollment. Age 18-80 years. dMMR or MSI-H Diagnosis confirmed by histological examination and/or cytological examination combined with imaging assessment of advanced colorectal cancer.
ECOG score: 0 to 2. At least one measurable lesion (≥10 mm long diameter on CT scan for non-lymph node lesions and ≥15 mm short diameter on CT scan for lymph node lesions according to iRECIST criteria).
Adequate organ function with. Routine blood: Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) 1.5 × 109/L, Platelets (Platelet, PLT) ≥ 100 × 109/L, Hemoglobin (HGB) ≥ 90 g/L.
Liver function: Total Bilirubin (TBIL) ≤ 1.5 × Upper Limit of Normal Value (ULN); Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Transferase (AST) ≤3×ULN; serum albumin ≥30 g/L; after conventional hepatoprotective treatment meeting the above criteria, and can be stable for at least 1 week after evaluation by the investigator can be enrolled.
Renal function: Creatinine (Cr) ≤ 1.5 × ULN, or creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/mi (applying the standard Cockcroft-Gault formula).
Coagulation function: International Normalized Ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 /PT ≤ 1.5 × ULN, aPTT ≤ 1.5 × ULN; if the subject is receiving anticoagulation therapy, as long as PT and INR are within the range drawn up by anticoagulant drugs.
A predicted survival of ≥ 3 months. Female patients must be non-pregnant and non-lactating and are required to use a medically approved form of contraception (e.g., IUD, pill or condom) during study treatment and for at least 120 days after study completion, and are not allowed to donate eggs to another person or freeze them for fertilization and propagation during this period.
Exclusion Criteria:
Subjects with any severe and/or uncontrolled disease. including. Poorly controlled blood pressure (systolic blood pressure ≥ 150 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 100 mmHg); poorly controlled diabetes (fasting blood glucose [FBG] > 10 mmol/L) Having ≥ grade 2 myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction, arrhythmia (QTc ≥ 470ms) and ≥ grade 2 congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] classification) Active or uncontrolled severe infection (≥ CTCAE grade 2 infection) requiring systemic antibacterial, antifungal or antiviral therapy, including tuberculosis infection Active hepatitis (transaminases do not meet the inclusion criteria, hepatitis B reference: HBV DNA ≥ 1000 IU/ml or ≥ 10^4 copies/ml; hepatitis C reference: HCV RNA ≥ 1000 IU/ml or ≥ 10^4 copies/ml; after nucleotide based antiviral therapy below the above criteria, can be enrolled); chronic hepatitis B virus carriers with HBV DNA < 10^4 IU/ml, who must receive concomitant antiviral therapy during the trial to be enrolled.
Those with renal failure requiring hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Those with a history of immunodeficiency, including HIV-positive or suffering from other acquired or congenital immunodeficiency diseases, or a history of organ transplantation Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic therapy (e.g., use of disease-relieving drugs, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressive agents) within 2 years prior to the start of study treatment, except for replacement therapies (e.g., thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroids for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency); receiving systemic glucocorticoid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy. Doses >10 mg/day of prednisone or other equivalent hormone and within 2 weeks of the first dose and still continuing Those with a history of active tuberculosis Those who fail to control and still require repeated drainage of ascites, pericardial effusion, pleural effusion.
Research treatment related to. Patients who have undergone major organ transplantation Those who have undergone major surgical treatment, incisional biopsy or significant traumatic injury within 28 days prior to the start of study treatment; or have a long-standing untreated wound or fracture History of live attenuated vaccination within 14 days prior to the start of study treatment or planned live attenuated vaccination during the study History of severe hypersensitivity reactions following the use of monoclonal antibodies; known hypersensitivity to active ingredients or excipients such as envafolimab, lenvatinib, etc., of this study drug Those who are participating or have participated in other clinical studies within 4 weeks prior to the start of the study Those who have received PD-1/CTLA-4 dual immunotherapy during previous treatment.
Those with a history of severe allergy. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding At risk for bleeding, or with coagulation disorders, or undergoing thrombolytic therapy Those with a history of psychotropic substance abuse and unable to abstain or with psychiatric disorders Subjects who, in the judgment of the investigator, have a concomitant disease that seriously jeopardizes the safety of the subject or interferes with the completion of the study, or subjects for whom other reasons are deemed to exist that make them unsuitable for enrollment In the judgment of the investigator, subjects who, in the judgment of the investigator, have a concomitant disease that seriously jeopardizes the safety of the subject or interferes with the completion of the study, or subjects for whom other reasons are deemed to exist that make them unsuitable for enrollment.