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Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) functionally limits individuals by causing pain in both the waist and the legs during activity and walking. Pain is, therefore, an important problem for patients. Pain lasts for years in LSS and thus becomes chronically persistent. As a result, persistent pain can cause sensitization due to a decrease in the pain threshold. This condition affects patients not only biomedically but also biopsychosocially. For this reason, various sleep disorders and mood disorders can develop in patients. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between central sensitization and pain, disability, sleep and depression in patients with LSS.
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) functionally limits individuals by causing pain in both the waist and the legs during activity and walking. In particular, the pain in LSS lasts for years and becomes chronic and can cause persistent and disturbing sensitization. This situation may be associated with decreased pain threshold and allodynia. Various studies show that sensitization can affect individuals biomedically and may lead to important health problems. Some of these are sleep and depression problems. Sleep and a healthy mentality are important for continuing daily activities and preserving quality of life. However, when the literature is examined, it is seen that central sensitization and the parameters that may be related to this have not been examined sufficiently. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the relationship between central sensitization and pain, disability, sleep and depression in patients with LSS.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with central sensitization with LSS | Patients with lumbar spinal stenosis with high sensitization will be included. | ||
| Normal sensitization patients with LSS | Patients with lumbar spinal stenosis with normal sensitization will be included. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Central sensitization | Central sensitization will be assessed with the "Central Sensitization Scale". The total score range is between 0-100 points. As the score increases, sensitization increases and 40 points and above are considered higher sensitization. | Baseline |
| Pain severity | Pain intensity will be assessed with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). NRS varies between 0-10 and the higher the score, the greater the pain. | Baseline |
| Pain pressure threshold | Pressure pain threshold will be measured with an algometer in kg. High values indicate a high pain threshold. | Baseline |
| Disability levels | Disability will be measured by the Oswestry Disability Index. The total score ranges from 0-100 and the higher the score, the higher the level of disability. | Baseline |
| Pain catastrophizing | It will be evaluated using the pain catastrophizing scale. The total score varies between 0-52. As the score increases, negative feelings and thoughts increase. | Baseline |
| Sleep quality | Sleep quality will be assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. It is scored from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating worse sleep quality. | Baseline |
| Depression | The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) will be used to assess depression.The total score is 0-60. As the score increases, depression increases. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients with lumbar spinal stenosis will be included in this study.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Musa Güneş, PhD | Karabuk University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karabuk University | Karabük | 78000 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37207128 | Result | Iwasaki R, Miki T, Miyazaki M, Kanetaka C, Mitsuyama T, Ota K. Neuropathic Pain Was Associated with Central Sensitivity Syndrome in Patients with Preoperative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Using the painDETECT and Central Sensitization Inventory Questionnaires: A Cross-Sectional Study. Pain Res Manag. 2023 May 10;2023:9963627. doi: 10.1155/2023/9963627. eCollection 2023. | |
| 37990264 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013130 | Spinal Stenosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013122 | Spinal Diseases |
| D001847 | Bone Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| Baseline |
| Ogon I, Takashima H, Morita T, Fukushi R, Takebayashi T, Teramoto A. Association of central sensitization, visceral fat, and surgical outcomes in lumbar spinal stenosis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023 Nov 21;18(1):886. doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-04376-2. |