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The aim of this study is to compare the quality of recovery of the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) versus ketamine-based multimodal analgesia regimen after spine decompressive surgery.
Preoperatively, standard monitors will be attached (electrocardiogram, noninvasive blood pressure, and pulse oximetry) and intravenous access will be obtained. Dexamethasone will be administered at dose of 4 mg as an antiemetic prophylaxis.
Thirty min before induction of anesthesia all patients will receive 15 mg ketorolac and 1 gm paracetamol intravenously.
General anesthesia will be induced by 1 mcg/kg fentanyl and 2 mg/kg propofol titrated till loss of verbal response. Tracheal intubation will be facilitated by 0.5 mg/kg atracurium. General anesthesia will be maintained by isoflurane (end-tidal isoflurane concentration of 1-1.2%) in air-oxygen admixture.
Fentanyl boluses of 50 mcg will be given in case of inadequate analgesia (heart rate and or systolic blood pressure increase by 20% from the baseline in absence of other causes) Intraoperative hemodynamic management will be according to the discretion of the attending anesthetist.
Postoperatively, all Patients will receive oral 1 gm of paracetamol every 6 h and 400 mg ibuprofen every 8 h.
Pain assessments using NRS (Numerical Rating Scale) at rest and during movement at 0.5 , 4, 10, 18 and 24 h postoperatively. If NRS score is > 3, intravenous 2 mg bolus of morphine will be given.
Intravenous ondansetron 4 mg will be given to treat nausea or vomiting if occurs.
At the end of 24 h postoperatively, patient's quality of recovery will be assessed using QoR-15 questionnaire and patient's satisfaction.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| ketamine group | Active Comparator | Patients will be receiving ketamine bolus then continuous infusion and local wound infiltration at the end of the surgery. |
|
| ESPB group | Active Comparator | Patients will be receiving erector spinae plane block |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ketamine | Drug | after induction of anesthesia, patients will receive ketamine bolus of 0.5 mL/kg followed by continuous infusion of 0.12 mL/k/hr until the end of surgical procedure. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| quality of recovery | using the QoR-15 questionnaire | 24 hour to 25 hour after surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| pain assessment | numerical rating scale | 30 minutes postoperatively till 24 hours postoperatively |
| nalbuphine requirement | mg | 30 minutes postoperatively till 24 hours postoperatively |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kasr Alaini Hospital | Cairo | 11562 | Egypt |
data used for statistical analysis are available from the PI upon reasonable request
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000377 | Agnosia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010468 | Perceptual Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007649 | Ketamine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003510 | Cyclohexanes |
| D003516 | Cycloparaffins |
| D006840 | Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
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| Erector Spinae Plane Block | Other | after induction of anesthesia, patients will receive ultrasound guided ESPB. A total of 40 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected bilaterally at the level of transverse process opposing to the mid-point of the planned incision. |
|
| Wound infiltration | Other | wound infiltration at the end of the surgery before the closure of fascia and subcutaneous tissues using a total of 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine |
|
| time to rescue analgesia | hours | 30 minutes postoperatively till 24 hours postoperatively |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D006838 |
| Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |