Diabetic Patients,Self-Efficacy,Self-Care Behaviors,Artificial Intelligence-Based

Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Based Health Education on Self-Efficacy, Self-Care Behaviors, and Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients

This study employed an experimental research design using a randomized controlled trial methodology. Group allocation was performed randomly by generating serial numbers through a computer. Participants were then randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group by placing the serial numbers into opaque envelopes and selecting envelopes in random order as patients arrived for appointments.

The experimental group received conventional face-to-face education in addition to participating in the "Diabetes Smart Assistant" Line@ diabetes education robot program. Education was delivered individually in a one-on-one manner. Researchers spent 15 minutes instructing participants on the operation and usage of the Line@ diabetes education robot program, followed by educational content delivery. Educational sessions lasted for 30 minutes on the day of enrollment, and 15 minutes each at the 3rd and 6th months of enrollment, totaling three one-on-one educational sessions. Additionally, participants received telephone consultations for follow-up during the enrollment period. Telephone education sessions were conducted in the first week of enrollment, the second month, and the fourth month, each lasting 10 minutes, totaling three sessions.

The control group received routine education and had follow-up visits every three months for one-on-one education. Data collection for both groups occurred at the time of enrollment, and at the 3rd and 6th months of enrollment.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes by a physician and enrolled as a patient in the Diabetes Collaborative Care Network.
2. Aged 18 years or older.
3. Owns a smartphone and agrees to join the "Diabetes Smart Helper" LINE@ Diabetes Health Education Chatbot application.
4. HbA1c level greater than 7.0% (as referenced in Changsieng et al., 2023; Selçuk-Tosun & Zincir, 2019).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
2. Patients diagnosed with mental illness.
3. Illiterate patients.