Facial aesthetics has always been a complex and subjective concept. The overall facial harmony, along with lip protrusion, which is often a focus for orthodontists, requires evaluation from multiple perspectives. The viewing angle also influences the assessment of facial aesthetics, particularly the judgment of lip protrusion. This study aims to explore the differences in facial fixation patterns and aesthetic evaluations among different populations at specific viewing angles by using digital models to simulate various perspectives.

In the analysis of facial aesthetics, the 45° profile has a unique advantage in evaluating lip protrusion, zygomatic fullness, and contour curve. Compared to the frontal view, this angle provides a more three-dimensional and deeper perspective. In a previous study, the research group found that the shape of the midface area at 45° influences the evaluation of lip protrusion. In this study, a digital model was used to simulate the protrusion of different midface areas in order to explore the differences in facial fixation patterns and aesthetic evaluations among various individuals at 45°. Based on data from individuals who showed significant improvement in frontal and profile beauty before and after clinical treatment, the study added an evaluation of beauty and lip position from the 45° profile. This aims to provide a reference for the subsequent establishment of a 45° profile analysis.

Inclusion Criteria:

Orthodontist inclusion criteria: ① With dental doctor qualification certificate; ② At least 2 years of professional training in orthodontics.

Inclusion criteria for orthodontic patients: ① Receiving orthodontic treatment for more than 1 year; ② Volunteer to participate in the study; ③ Native language is Chinese, can understand the prompt language and normal communication.

General adult inclusion criteria: ① have not experienced orthodontic treatment or have no need for orthodontic treatment; ② Do not engage in stomatology industry, have not studied stomatology specialty; ③ Native language is Chinese, can understand the prompt language and normal communication.

Exclusion Criteria:

① have visual impairment (such as color blindness, high myopia); ②Have psychological problems (such as autism, schizophrenia); ③ Recent use of alcohol, or long-term fatigue, anxiety; Current use of any medication that may affect cognitive ability; ⑤ Use mascara, contact lenses or small frame height glasses

There are concerns about excessive patient privacy intrusion, and some patients are unwilling to provide all the requested information, such as unmasked facial data and other sensitive details.