This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of elastic resistance training and free weight training in strengthening the gluteus medius muscle among patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. Weakness in the gluteus medius can contribute to pelvic instability and altered gait patterns, which may exacerbate low back pain. While both elastic resistance and free weight exercises are commonly used in rehabilitation, there is limited evidence comparing their relative benefits in this population. This study evaluates improvements in pain, muscle strength, and overall gait speed following each intervention. The findings will help guide clinicians in choosing the most effective and accessible strengthening method for patients with chronic non-specific low back pain.

The gluteus medius plays a vital role in pelvic stabilization and maintaining proper gait mechanics. Dysfunction or weakness in this muscle is frequently associated with chronic non-specific low back pain, a condition affecting a significant proportion of the population. Rehabilitation strategies that target the gluteus medius are crucial for restoring lumbar-pelvic stability, optimizing functional movement, and reducing pain.

Free weight training, using equipment like dumbbells and barbells, is a traditional method to enhance muscle strength and improve neuromuscular coordination. However, it often requires proper supervision to avoid injury due to the need for controlled movements and joint stability. On the other hand, elastic resistance training, which employs tools like resistance bands or tubes, offers a safer, cost-effective, and portable alternative. It allows progressive resistance throughout the range of motion, matching the user's strength curve and facilitating home-based exercise programs.

This randomized controlled trial is designed to compare these two training modalities, which are elastic resistance versus free weights in terms of their effectiveness at improving gluteus medius strength, reducing low back pain, and enhancing gait speed in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. The trial includes baseline and post-intervention assessments using validated clinical tools for measuring pain, strength, and gait speed.

The goal is to determine which intervention yields greater clinical benefit and offers a more practical approach for implementation in therapeutic settings, especially for populations with limited access to conventional gym equipment. The findings could contribute valuable evidence to inform clinical decision-making in physical therapy and rehabilitation.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 30-60 years
2. Both males and females of any race and ethnicity
3. Musculoskeletal condition that affects the gluteus Medius of hip
4. MMT for gluteus medius is 3 or less than 3
5. chronic stage of nonspecific low back pain
6. Cognitively intact (mini mental scale) and able to walk 10 meters with or without support.
7. Volunteer participations.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Post-surgical conditions like TKR, THR.
2. Any contraindication to exercise.
3. Female individuals who have muscular weakness due to pregnancy
4. Any neurological conditions (myopathies, neuropathies) causing muscular weakness
5. Chronic low back pain in which Gluteus Medius weakness is not measurable.

Data obtained through this study may be provided to qualified researchers with academic interested in the stated study area after its proper monitoring. Data or samples shared will be coded, with no PHI included. Prior permission of the investigators, participants and concerned departments will be obtained.

Data requests can be submitted starting 12 months after article publication.

Access can be requested by qualified researchers through proper approval of the investigators.

Participants and assessors performing pre- and post-intervention evaluations will be blinded to group allocation to reduce bias.