Sleep Disorders, Chronotype, and Functional Impairment in the Restrictive ADHD Phenotype

Sleep Disorders, Chronotype, and Functional Impairment in the Restrictive ADHD Phenotype

This study aims to explore chronotype and sleep disturbances in ADHD subtypes and their relation to functional impairment.

The goal of this observational study is to compare morningness-eveningness and sleep disturbances between children diagnosed with Restrictive ADHD (ADHD-R) and those with Predominantly Inattentive ADHD (ADHD-PI), and to examine how these sleep-related features impact functional impairment.The main question it aims to answer is:Are chronotype differences and sleep disturbances associated with greater functional impairment in children with ADHD-R compared to ADHD-PI and typically developing peers?

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age between 7 and 12 years
• Willingness to participate in the study with provided consent
• Diagnosis of ADHD according to the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime Version - Turkish adaptation (K-SADS); no comorbid psychiatric diagnosis (except Oppositional Defiant Disorder)
• Presence of 6 or more inattention symptoms accompanied by 5 or fewer hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms on the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV
• No psychotropic medication use in the past 3 months

Exclusion Criteria:

• Families who do not consent to participate in the study
• Children and adolescents with chronic medical conditions and/or currently taking any medications
• Children and adolescents with intellectual disability (mental retardation)
• Children and adolescents with comorbid psychiatric diagnoses
• Presence of a neurological disorder
• History of head trauma