This arm included informal caregivers of people with dementia who participated in a smartwatch-supported intervention. The intervention began with a structured interview session based on the section "Caring for Yourself as a Caregiver" from the book Caring for People with Dementia: Brief Practical Care Tips for Every Caregiver. During the initial session (lasting no more than 45 minutes), caregivers were introduced to the use of smartwatches and their various health-tracking parameters (e.g., heart rate monitoring, inactivity alerts, women's health tracking, weight tracking, blood oxygen levels, stress monitoring, water intake tracking, sleep monitoring). Caregivers were assisted in pairing the smartwatches with their smartphones and were provided with smartwatch diaries to record their health parameters and, optionally, to express their caregiving-related thoughts and feelings. Following the first meeting, weekly phone calls were conducted with each caregiver over an eight-week peri

This group included informal caregivers of people with dementia who did not receive any additional intervention beyond their usual caregiving routine. They continued their caregiving responsibilities as usual, without the support of wearable technologies or structured training.

This intervention involved informal caregivers of people with dementia using smartwatches to monitor and manage their own health parameters over an 8-week period. The primary goal was to enhance caregivers' self-efficacy and overall well-being by providing real-time health data through wearable technology. Caregivers were introduced to the smartwatch features, which included heart rate monitoring, inactivity alerts, sleep tracking, stress level monitoring, weight tracking, water intake reminders, and blood oxygen level measurements. Caregivers were instructed to track these parameters using the smartwatch and record their health behaviors in provided diaries.Weekly phone consultations lasting no more than 5 minutes were conducted throughout the 8-week intervention, where caregivers' use of the smartwatch and diaries was reviewed, and general discussions about their health and caregiving experiences took place. The intervention aimed to integrate health self-monitoring into the caregi

According to Bandura's 'Social Cognitive Learning Theory' self-efficacy refers to an individual's confidence in their ability to perform a challenging activity. This concept plays a crucial role in managing daily tasks and effectively coping with difficulties. Individuals with high self-efficacy are more motivated and resilient in facing challenges.

Quality of life was assessed to understand the impact of the intervention on the caregivers' overall well-being. The caregivers' quality of life was measured using a validated scale that evaluated physical health, psychological well-being, social relationships, and environmental factors.