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The objective of The Neighborhood & Health Study is to use a quasi-experimental mixed-methods approach to assess the impact of living in an agrihood-an agriculturally integrated community. This study follows a longitudinal cohort of residents of a newly developed neighborhood (the Indigo Neighborhood) and a geographically and socio-demographically matched neighborhood (the Elyson Neighborhood), both located in Fort Bend County, Texas, providing a unique opportunity for a natural experiment.
Poor nutrition and inadequate physical activity are prevalent in many communities across the United States. Agriculturally integrated communities called "agrihoods" are a potential responsive agriculture solution that may support healthy living. The aims of the study are to 1) Assess short-term changes in healthy eating, physical activity, cardiometabolic health indicators, and social connectedness as compared to a comparison neighborhood that is not an agriculturally integrated neighborhood; 2) Document time use with features of the Indigo Agrihood and assess consumer preferences for built and nature design features to provide resident-driven data for future developments; 3) Assess the economic benefits of the Indigo Agrihood.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agrihood Group | The Agrihood Group consists of adults who live in the Indigo Neighborhood as their primary and permanent residence for less than 3 months or intend to move to the Indigo Neighborhood as their primary and permanent residence. Pregnant women will not be excluded from participation and may be coincidentally included. |
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| Comparison Group | The Comparison Group consists of adults who live in the Elyson comparison neighborhood as their primary and permanent residence. Pregnant women will not be excluded from participation and may be coincidentally included. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residence in Agrihood Neighborhood | Other | We are examining the effects of individuals who move into an agrihood neighborhood. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in healthy eating | Healthy eating will be measured by the Mediterranean Eating Pattern for Americans - 16 items scale. Score ranges from 0 to 16. Higher scores indicate healthy eating patterns. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in physical activity | Physical activity will be measured through calculating moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity (LMVPA), walking, and sedentary behavior using data from an accelerometer worn by participants for 7 days | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in body mass index (BMI) | Height and weight will be measured by research staff and BMI will be calculated. | Baseline to 6 months |
| Change in blood pressure | Blood pressure will be measured by research staff using an Omron sphygmomanometer. Measured in units of millimeters of mercury (mmHg). | Baseline to 6 months |
| Change in hemoglobin A1c | Hemoglobin A1c will be measured by research staff using a CardioChek Plus machine that measures glucose in their blood. Hemoglobin A1c is measured in milligrams (mg) per deciliter (dL) of blood. | Baseline to 6 months |
| Change in social connectedness | Social connectedness will be measured by the Brief Sense of Community Scale. Scores range from 8 to 40. Higher scores indicate more social connectedness. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in total physical activity | Total physical activity (MET-min/wk) will be assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-long) | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in dermal carotenoids |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Indigo Neighborhood Participants:
Elyson Neighborhood Participants:
Exclusion Criteria:
Indigo Neighborhood Participants:
• None.
Elyson Neighborhood Participants:
• None.
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The population the groups will be selected from are residents of the Indigo Neighborhood and Elyson Neighborhood in Fort Bent County, Texas
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deyaun L Jafari, Ph.D. | Contact | 972-952-9215 | deyaun.jafari@ag.tamu.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jay E Maddock, Ph.D. | Texas A&M University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elyson Neighborhood | Recruiting | Katy | Texas | 77493 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41358215 | Derived | Maddock JE, Lewis EC, Villarreal DL, MacMillan Uribe AL, Janda-Thomte KM, Han G, Hall CR, Sturdivant RX, Patterson MS, Graham ML, Seguin-Fowler RA, Umstattd Meyer MR. Protocol for a naturalistic study of residents living in an agriculturally-integrated ("agrihood") neighborhood. Front Public Health. 2025 Nov 20;13:1679602. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1679602. eCollection 2025. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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Dermal carotenoids will be measured by research staff using a Veggie Meter machine, which scans a participant's finger to measure carotenoids or how many fruits and vegetables someone eats. Scores from 0 to 800. Higher scores indicate higher levels of carotenoids.
| Baseline to 6 months |
| Change in lipids | Lipids will be measured by research staff using a CardioChek Plus machine that measures lipids in blood. Triglycerides will be measured in milligrams (mg) of triglycerides per deciliter (dL) of blood. LDL/HDL cholesterol will be measured in milligrams of LDL/HDL cholesterol per deciliter (dL) of blood. Total Cholesterol is measured in milligrams (mg) of cholesterol per deciliter (dL) of blood. | Baseline to 6 months |
| Change in total HEI score | Total Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score will be calculated from a single 24-hour recall collected via the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24). Score ranges from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better diet. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in fruit intake | Total fruit intake (cups/day) will be measured using a LS7 item. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in vegetable intake | Total vegetable intake (cups/day) will be measured using a LS7 item. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in consumption of whole grains | Whole grain consumption (servings/day) will be assessed using an LS7 item. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in fiber intake | Fiber intake (g/day) will be assessed using the NHANES Dietary Screener Questionnaire (DSQ). | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Met recommendation for fish consumption (y/n) | Whether or not a participant met the recommendation for fish consumption will be assessed using an LS7 item. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in frequency of consuming ultra-processed foods | Frequency of ultra-processed foods consumption (times/month) will be assessed using a 9-item questionnaire adapted from the DSQ and the Beverage and Snack Questionnaire (BSQ2). | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in red and processed meat consumption | Total red and processed meat consumption (g/week) will be estimated using the DSQ. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in alcohol consumption | Alcohol consumption (drinks/day) will be assessed using a 2-item questionnaire adapted from the Alcohol Use Disorders Screening Test (AUDIT). | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7) cardiovascular health score | American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7) score is a composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (physical activity, eating habits, smoking status, cholesterol, glucose, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure). Score ranges from 0 to 14. Higher scores indicate better health. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) recommendation adherence score | WCRF/AICR recommendation adherence score is a composite of seven items listed above: BMI, physical activity, fiber intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, processed food consumption, red meat consumption, and alcohol consumption. Scores range from 0 to 7. Higher scores indicate greater adherence to the recommendations. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) cardiovascular health score | American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score is a composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (physical activity, eating habits, smoking status, sleep, cholesterol, glucose, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure). Score ranges from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better health. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in community food environment | The community food environment, including store access and shopping behaviors, will be assessed by two items from the Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey. Scores range from 2 to 10. Higher scores indicate a more diverse community food environment | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in perceived stress | Perceived stress will be assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale. Scores range from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate more perceived stress. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in gardening and fruit and vegetable procurement | Types of gardening and where fruits and vegetables are obtained will be assessed using multiple choice questions. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in sense of community | Sense of community will be assessed using the Collective Efficacy scale. Scores range from 5 to 25. Higher scores indicate greater sense of community. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in nature exposure | Nature exposure will be assessed by modified questions from the People and Nature Survey for England for American audiences. Multiple choice questions assess how much time is spent in nature and what type of natural spaces individuals visit. An additional multiple-choice item from the Nature of Americans survey will be used to identify how much time is spent in nature recreationally and for work in a typical week in hours. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in positive and negative affect | Positive and negative affect will be assessed by the Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Scores range from 10 to 50 for each positive and negative affect. Higher scores indicate more positive or negative affect. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in (community) social cohesion | Community social cohesion will be assessed by the social cohesion sub-scale of the Mujahid et al. Neighborhood Environment Scale (NES). Scores range from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate greater social cohesion. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in transportation used to utilized food resources | Transportation used to obtain food will be assessed by a single categorical item. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in distance to utilized food resources | Distance to utilized food resources will be measured in miles. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in number of utilized food resources | Number of utilized food resources will be measured by a multiple choice item. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in transportation used to utilized physical activity resources | Transportation used to access the physical activity resources will be assessed by a single categorical item. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in distance to utilized physical activity resources | Distance to utilized physical activity resources will be measured in miles. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in number of utilized physical activity resources | Number of utilized physical activity resources will be measured by a multiple choice item. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in loneliness | Loneliness and social isolation will be assessed by the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Scores range from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate more loneliness and social isolation. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in functional health | Functional health will be assessed by the Quality Metric's MOS Short Form - 36 Version 2. 10 items will be used with scores range from 0 to 20. Higher scores indicate higher functional health. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in fruit intake | Total fruit intake (cups/day) will be measured using a 24-hour recall. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in vegetable intake | Total vegetable intake (cups/day) will be measured using a 24-hour recall. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in consumption of whole grains | Whole grain consumption (servings/day) will be assessed using a 24-hour recall. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in fiber intake | Fiber intake (g/day) will be assessed using a 24-hour recall. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in red and processed meat consumption | Total red and processed meat consumption (g/week) will be estimated using a 24-hour recall. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in alcohol consumption | Alcohol consumption (drinks/day) will be assessed using a 24-hour recall. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Change in frequency of consuming ultra-processed foods | Frequency of ultra-processed foods consumption (times/month) will be assessed using a 24-hour recall. | Baseline to 3 & 6 months |
| Indigo Neighborhood | Recruiting | Richmond | Texas | 77406 | United States |
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