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The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if oral lyophilized fecal microbiota therapy (ORAL-LYO-FMT) helps treat diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and prevent the recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI). The main questions it aims to answer are:
Participants will:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBS-D - ORAL-LYO-FMT 7 Weeks | Experimental | Participants with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) receive 7 oral capsules of ORAL-LYO-FMT three times per week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) for 7 weeks. |
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| IBS-D - Placebo 7 Weeks | Placebo Comparator | Participants with IBS-D receive 7 oral placebo capsules (double-coated and visually identical to active capsules) three times per week for 7 weeks. |
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| IBS-D - ORAL-LYO-FMT 4 Weeks + Placebo 3 Weeks | Experimental | Participants with IBS-D receive 7 oral capsules of ORAL-LYO-FMT three times per week for 4 weeks, followed by 7 oral placebo capsules three times per week for 3 weeks. |
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| Primary/1st rCDI - ORAL-LYO-FMT 7 Weeks | Experimental | Participants with a primary or first episode of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) receive 7 oral capsules of ORAL-LYO-FMT three times per week for 7 weeks. |
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| Primary/1st rCDI - Placebo 7 Weeks | Placebo Comparator | Participants with primary or first episode rCDI receive 7 oral placebo capsules three times per week for 7 weeks. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ORAL-LYO-FMT | Biological | An oral capsule formulation of lyophilized fecal microbiota. Participants receive 7 capsules, three times per week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday), for either 4 or 7 weeks depending on treatment allocation. The product aims to restore healthy gut microbiota for treatment of IBS-D or prevention of rCDI. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Prevention of Recurrent CDI | Proportion of participants with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) who do not experience recurrence within 8 weeks following completion of the investigational product (IP). | 8 weeks after completion of IP |
| Improvement in IBS Symptom Severity (IBS-SSS) | Proportion of IBS-D participants with a reduction in IBS Symptom Severity Score (IBS-SSS) of more than 150 points compared to baseline. | 8 weeks after completion of IP |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| CDI Recurrence Prevention at 24 Weeks | Proportion of participants with CDI who remain recurrence-free 24 weeks after IP completion. | 24 weeks post-treatment |
| Longitudinal IBS-SSS Improvement | Proportion of IBS-D participants with sustained improvement in IBS-SSS at 1, 3, and 6 months after IP completion. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
19 years of age and older
Able to provide informed consent
Must have at least one of the 3 following conditions:
Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea- predominant (IBS-D) as reported by patients of type 6 or 7 in Bristol stool chart and Rome IV diagnostic criteria:
Primary or 1 episode recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection which is actively treated with CDI antibiotic (oral vancomycin, oral metronidazole or fidaxomicin) and clinically responding to treatment based on physician assessment at the time of recruitment.
2 or more episodes of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, which is actively treated with CDI antibiotic (oral vancomycin, oral metronidazole or fidaxomicin) and clinically responding to treatment based on physician assessment at the time of recruitment.
Exclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
-
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This trial will use both a basket trial design and a parallel Simon two-stage design to reduce the time and costs to determine whether ORAL-LYO-FMT is effective and safe for IBS-D, and in prevention of additional recurrence of CDI for primary or rCDI.
Basket trials are an innovative trial design that has been developed as an efficient way to determine safety and efficacy of experimental therapeutics across multiple patient populations and diseases. Basket trials assess the effectiveness of a drug based on its mechanism of action rather than the underlying disease. This type of trial design is widely used in oncology research and is now expanding to other disease states. In addition, a basket design offers benefits over traditional trials, including enabling studies to be conducted over a shorter time period, allowing smaller sample size, and thus, reducing costs.
In this trial, a parallel Simon two-stage design will be carried out for each basket.
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| Primary/1st rCDI - ORAL-LYO-FMT 4 Weeks + Placebo 3 Weeks | Experimental | Participants with primary or first episode rCDI receive 7 oral capsules of ORAL-LYO-FMT three times per week for 4 weeks, followed by placebo capsules three times per week for 3 weeks. |
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| ≥2 rCDI - ORAL-LYO-FMT 7 Weeks | Experimental | Participants with two or more episodes of rCDI receive 7 oral capsules of ORAL-LYO-FMT three times per week for 7 weeks. |
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| ≥2 rCDI - Placebo 7 Weeks | Placebo Comparator | Participants with two or more episodes of rCDI receive 7 oral placebo capsules three times per week for 7 weeks. |
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| ≥2 rCDI - ORAL-LYO-FMT 4 Weeks + Placebo 3 Weeks | Experimental | Participants with two or more episodes of rCDI receive 7 oral capsules of ORAL-LYO-FMT three times per week for 4 weeks, followed by 3 weeks of placebo capsules. |
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| Placebo | Other | Double-coated oral capsules visually identical to ORAL-LYO-FMT but containing no active material. Participants receive 7 capsules, three times per week, for either 3 or 7 weeks depending on treatment allocation. |
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| 1, 3, and 6 months post-treatment |
| Quality of Life (VR-12 Score Change) | Change in Veterans RAND 12 Item Health Survey (VR-12) scores at baseline, 4 weeks from IP initiation, and 12 and 24 weeks post-IP. | Baseline, Week 4, Week 12, and Week 24 |
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) | Change in HADS scores from baseline to 4, 12, and 24 weeks post-IP. | Baseline, Week 4, Week 12, and Week 24 |
| Chronic Condition Changes | Proportion of participants with onset of new or improvement in existing chronic conditions, as reported in long-term follow-up questionnaire. | 24 weeks after completion of IP |
| Incidence of Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) | Number and severity of AEs or SAEs possibly or definitely related to IP, assessed via Naranjo Causality Assessment Scale. | Up to 8 weeks after completion of IP |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D043183 | Irritable Bowel Syndrome |
| D003015 | Clostridium Infections |
| D012008 | Recurrence |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003109 | Colonic Diseases, Functional |
| D003108 | Colonic Diseases |
| D007410 | Intestinal Diseases |
| D005767 | Gastrointestinal Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D016908 | Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections |
| D001424 | Bacterial Infections |
| D001423 | Bacterial Infections and Mycoses |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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