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The proprioceptive system and strength are closely related within the sensorimotor system: proprioception enables effective and coordinated muscle activation (including intramuscular and intermuscular coordination or synergistic abilities), which is essential for maintaining the functional stability of joints and preventing injuries-in short, for controlling motor patterns. This principle provides a window through which changes in strength can be observed via peripheral proprioceptive stimulation that activates the muscular system with the goal of increasing recruitment. This justifies the implementation of proprioceptive input in approaches aimed at motor learning.
Objective: To determine whether the application of a peripheral proprioceptive stimulus to the neuromuscular motor points of the quadriceps increases strength and neuromuscular activation during the squat movement in the lower limbs of healthy, untrained subjects.
Methods: The design of this study is a randomized crossover clinical trial. All participants (n=36) will randomly receive both the Active and Sham proprioceptive stimulation.The proprioceptive stimulus will consist of intermittent mechanical pressure on the skin, localized at the neuromuscular motor points of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis of the quadriceps. The tissue subjected to precise pressure in these highly innervated neuromuscular zones promotes the stimulation of kinesthetic cortical sensitivity. The outcome variable will be the assessment of Maximum Strength (MS) generated by the participant during the squat movement, from a 90º knee flexion position to full extension. At the moment of peak force, the mean velocity (MV) of the concentric phase of the movement and the maximum load the participant can move will be evaluated. The intervention, assessment, and recruitment will take place at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Blanquerna - Ramon Llull University
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| The control group (CG) | No Intervention | he control group (CG) will have the proprioceptive stimulation device placed on the motor points of the quadriceps muscle without the application of deep sensory stimulation throughout the entire evaluation period of Maximum Strength (MS) via Mean Velocity (MV), including rest periods. | |
| The Experimental Group 1 (EG1) | Experimental | The Experimental Group 1 (EG1) will have the device placed on the motor points of the quadriceps muscle with deep peripheral sensory stimulation applied via the device's plungers throughout the entire evaluation period of Maximum Strength (MS) via Mean Velocity (MV), including rest periods. |
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| The Experimental Group 2 (EG2) | Experimental | The Experimental Group 2 (EG2) will have the device placed on the motor points of the quadriceps muscle with deep peripheral sensory stimulation applied via the device's plungers, but only during the rest periods between repetitions in the evaluation process of Maximum Strength (MS) via Mean Velocity (MV), applied continuously for 15 seconds at 20-second intervals over a total of 5 minutes. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| deep peripheral sensory stimulation | Other | The proprioceptive stimulus will consist of intermittent mechanical pressure on the skin, localized at the neuromuscular motor points of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis of the quadriceps. The tissue subjected to this precise pressure in areas of high neuromuscular innervation facilitates the stimulation of kinesthetic cortical sensitivity. The experimental group (EG) will be randomly and crosswise subdivided into two groups, so that both receive the intervention in two different modalities at two different times. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum Strength (MS) | The outcome variable will consist of the assessment of Maximum Strength (MS) generated by the participant during the squat movement, from a 90º knee flexion position to full extension measured in two units, kilograms and newtons. | estimated time of movement and data collection of 20 minutes |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| electric neuromuscular activation | In addition to strength assessment, portable sensors will be placed to digitize kinematics (knee and foot joint angles) and muscle electrical activity (surface electromyography), related to the variable of neuromuscular activation during the squat movement. | estimated time of movement and data collection of 20 minutes |
Inclusion criteria :
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pedro V López Plaza | Contact | 932 53 32 56 | pedrovictorlp@gmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pedro Victor López Plaza | Barcelona | Spain |
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The design of this study is a randomized crossover clinical trial. All participants (n=36) will randomly receive both the Active and Sham proprioceptive stimulation.
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