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Climate change has significantly increased the earth's average surface temperature and heat waves have been predicted to increase in frequency, intensity and duration. Extreme heat events have increased the susceptibility to heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion, heat stroke or death. Heat health action plans have been designed to advertise cooling behaviours to mitigate physiological strain. Heat health action plans suggest avoiding alcohol consumption during extreme heat as it may increase dehydration and impair behavioural or physiological temperature regulation and thermal perception. Regardless of these messages, alcohol sales continue to remain high during the summer months year after year, and 1/5 of adults identify alcohol as a hydration strategy during extreme heat events. A recent scoping review investigating the effects of alcohol and heat has demonstrated that acute alcohol consumption does not negatively influence thermoregulation, hydration, or hormone markers of fluid balance in the heat compared to a control fluid (https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01113-y). Further, alcohol consumption may elicit sex- and age-specific alterations in physiological and perceptual responses, neither of which have been explored.
Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate how alcohol consumption systematically alters physiological responses and perceptions during conditions similar to those experienced indoors during extreme heat events in younger and older adults.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo Comparator | Placebo (non-alcoholic beverage) |
|
| Alcohol | Active Comparator | Consumption of alcohol beverages: females 0.75 ± 0.1 grams of ethanol/kilogram body mass; males 1.0 ± 0.1 grams of ethanol/kilogram body mass |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo Beverage | Drug | Participants rest in a climate controlled room maintained at 40°C and 30%RH for 120 minutes follow placebo beverage consumption (180 minutes total). |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Heart Rate | 3-lead electrocardiogram | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |
| Skin Temperature | Mean skin (4 sites) | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |
| Core Temperature | measured rectally | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |
| Blood Pressure | ECG-gated blood pressure cuff | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |
| Heart Rate Variability | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). | |
| Arrythmia presence | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). | |
| Whole-body Sweat Loss | Difference in mass from baseline to end heat stress | mass measured at baseline and end heat stress. |
| Postural Sway via the Romberg Test | The total movement of the body around the center of mass with feet together |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Subjective Blood Alcohol Concentration (visual analog scale 0.0 - 0.20) | Visual analog scale with left and right anchors of 0.0 and 0.20, respectively, with markers every 0.005 increment | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |
| Blood Alcohol Concentration |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicholas Ravanelli, PhD | Contact | 18073438010 | nravanel@nus.edu.sg |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lakehead University | Recruiting | Thunder Bay | Ontario | P7B 5E1 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39267036 | Background | Morris NB, Ravanelli N, Chaseling GK. The effect of alcohol consumption on human physiological and perceptual responses to heat stress: a systematic scoping review. Environ Health. 2024 Sep 12;23(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s12940-024-01113-y. |
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Deidentified data will be shared on the Open Science Framework following publication of results
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Anyone will have access
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000428 | Alcohol Drinking |
| D018882 | Heat Stress Disorders |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004327 | Drinking Behavior |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000431 | Ethanol |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000438 | Alcohols |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
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| Alcohol (Ethanol) | Drug | Participants rest in a climate controlled room maintained at 40°C and 30%RH for 120 minutes follow alcoholic beverage consumption (180 minutes total). |
|
| measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |
| Skin Blood Flow | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |
| Urine Output | Total urine output (e.g. volume) from baseline to immediately following 120 minutes of heat stress |
| ASHRAE seven-point thermal sensation scale | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |
| 5-Point Thermal Comfort Scale | Thermal comfort scale with 1- comfortable and 5 - very uncomfortable | measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |
Measured using a police grade portable breathalyzer |
| measured at baseline (pre drink), and every 30 minutes following consumption (up to 120 minutes). |