The FRAILTY-CARDIOWATCH study is investigating how well the Corsano CardioWatch 287-2, a wrist-worn medical device, can classify frailty in patients. Frailty is a condition often seen in older adults, characterized by decreased strength, endurance, and overall health, which can make individuals more vulnerable to illness or injury. The goal of this study is to develop an algorithm that can accurately assess frailty using the device. In phase 1 of the study, data will be collected from patients aged 70 or older who are scheduled for heart-related procedures, such as valve replacements or pacemaker implantation.

The study aims to compare the frailty classifications of the CardioWatch with two established methods: the Geriatric 8 (G8) questionnaire and the FRAIL scale. It will also compare the CardioWatch with the 6-minute walk test. Patients will wear the CardioWatch for six days-three days before their procedure and three days after-and complete the G8, FRAIL, and 6-minute walk tests. The collected data will help develop and train the frailty classification algorithm.

The main focus is to evaluate how well the frailty classifications from the CardioWatch match those from the other tests. This research could potentially lead to a more accurate and continuous way to monitor frailty in patients using wearable technology.

Rationale:

Wrist wearables have the potential to continuously and accurately classify frailty. The Corsano CardioWatch 287-2 is such a medical device with that potential. The collection of clinical data is required to develop, train and validate an algorithm to classify frailty for the Corsano CardioWatch 287-2. The FRAILTY-CARDIOWATCH study consists of two phases, of which only phase 1 (data collection and algorithm development and training) will be addressed in this protocol.

Primary Objective:

The main objective is to determine the agreement of the frailty classification between the Corsano CardioWatch and the gold standard Geriatric 8 (G8) questionnaire as well as the FRAIL scale.

Secondary objectives:

The secondary objective is to determine the agreement of the frailty classification between the Corsano CardioWatch and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT).

Study population:

Patients ≥ 70 years of age who are scheduled to undergo aortic valve replacement, mitral valve repair with MitraClip, implantation of a pacemaker or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at the Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis Cardiology department.

Study design:

Patients are asked to undergo a G8 assessment, FRAIL scale assessment, 6MWT and wear the Corsano CardioWatch 287-2 for 6 days; of which 3 days approximately 2 weeks before the procedure, and 3 days approximately 2 months after the procedure. Collected data of 20 patients will be used to develop and train a frailty classification algorithm for the Corsano CardioWatch 287-2 (phase I).

Main study parameters/endpoints:

Accuracy of the frailty classifications between the G8 assessment or FRAIL scale and the frailty algorithm of Corsano CardioWatch 287-2.

Inclusion Criteria:

• ≥ 70 years old

• Be able to provide consent

• Be scheduled to undergo one of the following procedures:

  • Aortic valve replacement
  • Mitral valve repair with MitraClip
  • Implantation of a pacemaker
  • Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Unable to wear the Corsano CardioWatch 287-2 due to reasons such as allergic reactions, wounds, amputations etc.;
• Unable or unwilling to sign informed consent;
• Significant mental or cognitive impairment;
• Cardiovascular disease where heart rate is not measurable (e.g. LVAD)

Patients ≥ 70 years of age who are scheduled to undergo aortic valve replacement, mitral valve repair with MitraClip, implantation of a pacemaker or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at the Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis Cardiology department.