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The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy in patients with previously untreated stage IIB-IIIC (cT3N0 or cT2-4N1-3) HR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. 27 enrolled patients will be assigned to receive stereotactic body radiotherapy followed by Nab-Paclitaxel combined with Toripalimab. The main question it aims th answer is that whether the combination therapy of radiotherapy, de-escalated chemotherapy, and immunotherapy could improve the pCR rate of HR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer.
HR-positive and HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer is the most common subtype of breast cancer. Although it is the subtype with the best treatment outcomes, HR+/HER2- breast cancer carries a higher risk of long-term recurrence and metastasis compared to the other subtypes. Additionally, patients with T3 or lager tumor or axillary lymph node metastasis have a significantly increased risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis compared to early-stage patients. In recent years, the role of neoadjuvant therapy in the comprehensive treatment of breast cancer has gained increasing attention. The pathological complete response (pCR) rate following neoadjuvant therapy is closely associated with long-term survival. However, compared to HER2+ or triple-negative breast cancer, HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients exhibit a significantly lower pCR rate with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy has become a key treatment strategy for TNBC, this combination also improves pCR rates in HR+/HER2- breast cancer, though the benefit is less pronounced than in TNBC. Radiotherapy not only releases a large number of tumor antigens and inflammatory signals to enhance systemic anti-tumor immune responses, but also promotes the exposure of tumor cell surface antigens, thereby increasing the immunogenicity of the tumor microenvironment. The synergistic effect of radiotherapy and immunotherapy, when combined with chemotherapy, may further improve treatment efficacy. Based on these, we designed this clinical trial evaluating the effectof neoadjuvant radiotherapy combined with de-escalated chemotherapy and immunotherapy, aiming to explore its potential to improve pCR rates and long-term outcomes in HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients. Enrolled patients will receive four cycles of single-agent Nab-Paclitaxel plus Toripalimab within one week after stereotactic radiotherapy, followed by surgery and subsequent adjuvant therapy. Postoperative pCR rate and prognosis of participants will be analyzed in our clinical study.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment | Experimental | During the neoadjuvant treatment period, participants will undergo stereotactic radiotherapy and subsequently receive chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) | Radiation | The prescribed dose of radiation is 24 Gy delivered in 3 fractions (8 Gy/fraction) using SBRT technique. Subjects received SBRT for the primary breast cancer lesion at 8Gy/Fraction each time for 3 consecutive days, 1 week before the start of systemic therapy. The first day of radiation is C1D1. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pathologic complete response (pCR) rate according to RCB system | pCR is defined as the absence of invasive cancer in the breast primary lesion and negative regional lymph nodes (ypT0/Tis ypN0) by hematoxylin-eosin staining after completion of the neoadjuvant treatment. RCB system will be used for the pathological evaluation after neoadjuvant therapy | Up to 12 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| RCB 0/I rate | The RCB 0/I rate is defined as the percentage of patients achieving either pathological complete response (RCB-0) or minimal residual disease (RCB-I), corresponding to near-pCR status | Up to 12 months |
| DFS and iDFS |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Female patients aged ≥18 and ≤75 years at the time of signing informed consent.
ECOG PS status of 0-1.
Breast cancer assessed as non-metastatic (M0), meeting all of the following:
Histologically or pathologically confirmed invasive carcinoma of no special type, with all of the following:
Patient deemed eligible for radiotherapy after MDT evaluation.
No prior antitumor therapy within 1 month before enrollment.
Organ Function Requirements (within 7 days prior to enrollment):
Women of childbearing potential must:
Voluntarily sign informed consent, demonstrate good compliance, and commit to follow-up.
Exclusion Criteria:
Inflammatory Breast Cancer.
Comorbidities/Medical History:
Treatment-Related Exclusions:
Clinical Trial Participation: participation in another drug trial within 4 weeks prior to enrollment, or within 5 half-lives of the last investigational drug dose.
Substance Abuse: history of drug/alcohol abuse or dependency.
Pregnancy/Lactation: pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning pregnancy during the study.
Investigator' s Discretion: other conditions that may compromise subject safety or study integrity (e.g., severe lab abnormalities, social factors).
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JIAJUN DING | Contact | 15121089323 | yuki_ding1996@163.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xijing Hospital Affiliated to Air Force Military Medical University | Recruiting | Xi'an | Shannxi Province | 710032 | China |
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| Toripalimab | Drug | Toripalimab will be administered at a fixed dose of 240 mg via intravenous infusion every 3 weeks (q3w). The first dose is given on Cycle 2 Day 1 (C2D1), followed by dosing on the first day of each subsequent cycle for a total of 4 cycles. (Toripalimab×4 240mg D1 q3w) |
|
| Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy | Drug | Combined with Toripalimab, Nab-paclitaxel will be dosed at 125 mg/m² based on body surface area, administered by intravenous infusion weekly (Days 1, 8, 15 of each 21-day cycle) for 4 cycles.(T×4, Nab-Paclitaxel 125mg/m2,D1、D8、D15 q3w). |
|
| Surgery | Procedure | Surgery will be performed 2-6 weeks after completion of neoadjuvant therapy. The surgical approach will be determined by the investigator based on disease status and patient preference. |
|
| Adjuvant Chemotherapy | Drug | The anthracycline may be either Epirubicin (body surface area-adjusted 50 mg/m²) or Liposomal Doxorubicin (body surface area-adjusted 30 mg/m²) combined with Cyclophosphamide (body surface area-adjusted 600 mg/m²). Both drugs were administered intravenously every 3 weeks, and then the first day of each course was administered for 4 cycles. (EC×4, Epirubicin 50 mg/m² or Liposomal Doxorubicin 30 mg/m², comined with Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m², D1, q3w) |
|
| Adjuvant Radiotherapy | Radiation | Conventional radiotherapy will be delivered to the breast/chest wall and regional lymph nodes (investigator-selected technique), with explicit prohibition of tumor bed boost irradiation. |
|
| Endocrine therapy | Drug | Investigator-selected adjuvant endocrine therapy will be deterimend according to applicable guidelines, considering menopausal status, recurrence risk, treatment history, comorbidities as well as patient preference. |
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Disease-free survival (DFS) is defined as the time from initiation of neoadjuvant therapy to the earliest occurrence of any of the following events: ipsilateral or contralateral invasive breast cancer recurrence, locoregional recurrence, distant recurrence, death from any cause, second primary non-breast malignancy, or ipsilateral/contralateral ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) is measured from the start of neoadjuvant therapy until invasive disease recurrence (including locoregional recurrence, ipsilateral/contralateral invasive breast cancer, distant metastasis), new primary tumors, or death from any cause.
| 1 year, 2 year, 3 year and 5 year |
| Xijing Hospital Affiliated to Air Force Military Medical University | Recruiting | Xi'an | Shannxi | China |
|
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001943 | Breast Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001941 | Breast Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
| D017437 | Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016634 | Radiosurgery |
| C000656314 | toripalimab |
| D020360 | Neoadjuvant Therapy |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
| D017024 | Chemotherapy, Adjuvant |
| D018714 | Radiotherapy, Adjuvant |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011878 | Radiotherapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D013238 | Stereotaxic Techniques |
| D019635 | Neurosurgical Procedures |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D003131 | Combined Modality Therapy |
| D004358 | Drug Therapy |
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